A patient, who is admitted with diabetes mellitus, has a glucose level of 380 mg/dL and a moderate level of ketones in the urine. As the nurse assesses for signs of ketoacidosis, which respiratory pattern would the nurse expect to find?
Hypoventilation
Cheyne Stokes respirations
Kussmaul respirations
Central apnea
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hypoventilation refers to shallow or slow breathing, which is not typically seen in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
B. Cheyne-Stokes respirations involve a pattern of alternating deep and shallow breaths, often seen in patients with neurological conditions or severe heart failure, not in DKA.
C. Kussmaul respirations are deep, rapid breaths and are a classic sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). This respiratory pattern is the body’s attempt to compensate for metabolic acidosis, as seen in DKA, by blowing off CO2 to reduce acidity in the blood.
D. Central apnea refers to a cessation of breathing due to a failure of the brain to send signals to the respiratory muscles and is not associated with DKA.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Type 1 diabetes is not caused by a single recessive gene. It has a genetic component but typically involves multiple genes, with HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 being associated with increased risk, and is often triggered by autoimmune reactions.
B. The HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 genes are associated with an increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, as it is an autoimmune condition that destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.
C. While infections (including viral infections) can sometimes trigger the onset of type 1 diabetes, bacterial infections themselves do not cause the condition. It is autoimmune in nature, where the body attacks its insulin-producing cells.
D. Excessive heat and temperatures do not cause type 1 diabetes. The condition is driven by genetic and autoimmune factors, not environmental ones like heat.
E. Exposure to processing of metals and proteins does not cause type 1 diabetes. The disease is primarily associated with genetic predisposition and autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Limiting alcohol intake is a preventive measure against cancer, particularly breast, liver, and colorectal cancers.
B. Increasing red meat intake, especially processed meats, is associated with a higher risk of cancer, particularly colorectal cancer. It is recommended to limit red and processed meat consumption to reduce cancer risk.
C. Taking a daily walk is a positive health behavior, as physical activity can help reduce the risk of certain types of cancer, including breast, colon, and endometrial cancers.
D. Wearing sunscreen daily is an important measure to prevent skin cancer, including melanoma, by protecting the skin from harmful UV radiation.
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