The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which information should the nurse include regarding the pathophysiology of the disease?
Hyperglycemia happens when 50% of alpha cells are damaged,
Delta cell destruction causes type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Beta cells are destroyed
Beta cells need help producing insulin
The Correct Answer is C
A. Alpha cells produce glucagon, which raises blood glucose levels, but their destruction is not the primary cause of hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes. The main issue is the destruction of beta cells, which are responsible for insulin production.
B. Delta cells produce somatostatin, which regulates the release of insulin and glucagon, but their destruction does not directly cause type 1 diabetes.
C. Type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs due to autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. This leads to a lack of insulin production and results in hyperglycemia.
D. In type 1 diabetes, beta cells are destroyed, so they no longer need help producing insulin; they cannot produce insulin at all
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Warming the finger before puncturing it can help increase blood flow and make the process easier. This is an appropriate technique for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).
B. The center of the finger pad is not the best site for blood glucose testing. The side of the fingertip should be used instead to avoid discomfort and to prevent injury to the nerve endings found in the center of the pad.
C. Washing hands with soap and water is the proper technique for cleansing the hands before performing SMBG to reduce the risk of contamination.
D. A blood glucose level of 110 mg/dL is within the normal range for a non-diabetic person, and could indicate good control for a diabetic. This would be considered an appropriate response, especially if the reading is taken before meals.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Blaming the partner or others may reflect anger or guilt, which are common in the grief process, but not specifically avoidance.
B. Expressing sadness and disbelief is a normal part of grieving and emotional processing—not an avoidance symptom.
C. Inability to remember parts of the event can be a dissociative symptom, which may occur with trauma, but it’s not the clearest example of active avoidance.
D. Avoiding thoughts, conversations, or reminders of the traumatic event is a hallmark of avoidance symptoms, often seen in conditions like acute stress disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
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