The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which information should the nurse include regarding the pathophysiology of the disease?

Hyperglycemia happens when 50% of alpha cells are damaged,

Delta cell destruction causes type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Beta cells are destroyed

Beta cells need help producing insulin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Alpha cells produce glucagon, which raises blood glucose levels, but their destruction is not the primary cause of hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes. The main issue is the destruction of beta cells, which are responsible for insulin production.
B. Delta cells produce somatostatin, which regulates the release of insulin and glucagon, but their destruction does not directly cause type 1 diabetes.
C. Type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs due to autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. This leads to a lack of insulin production and results in hyperglycemia.
D. In type 1 diabetes, beta cells are destroyed, so they no longer need help producing insulin; they cannot produce insulin at all

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A hallmark characteristic of bulimia nervosa is binge eating followed by purging (through vomiting, laxative use, etc.) to prevent weight gain. The client’s statement indicates secretive behavior, which is typical for individuals with bulimia nervosa.
B. The statement "I feel a sense of power by restricting my food intake" is more indicative of anorexia nervosa, where the focus is on restricting food to maintain extreme weight loss.
C. Using laxatives only when constipated is not specific to bulimia nervosa, as this disorder often involves excessive purging (including laxative abuse) during binge episodes.
D. The feeling of "emotional high" during binge episodes is more often related to binge eating disorder than bulimia nervosa, which tends to have a focus on shame and guilt after purging.

A. "The ability to solve novel problems remains stable during older adulthood." B. "Long term memory worsens in older adulthood" C. "Short-term memory improves in older adulthood." D. "The ability to learn continues throughout life."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While problem-solving ability may decline slightly with age, the ability to solve novel problems does not necessarily remain entirely stable and can be impacted by other factors such as cognitive health and education.
B. Long-term memory does not necessarily worsen in older adulthood. It is often short-term memory that experiences more noticeable decline. Long-term memory for events and information learned in the past may remain relatively intact.
C. Short-term memory tends to decline with age, making it more difficult to retain new information or recall it quickly.
D. The ability to learn continues throughout life, though it may require more effort or different strategies, such as repetition or mnemonic devices. Older adults are capable of learning new skills and information, even though the process may change with age.

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The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which information should the nurse include regarding the pathophysiology of the disease?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which information should the nurse include regarding the pathophysiology of the disease?