A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing grief. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the client has developed clinical depression?
States that connecting with family is comforting
Loss of appetite
Has intense moments of sadness
Loss of interest in pleasurable activities
The Correct Answer is D
A. Finding comfort in connecting with family is a healthy coping mechanism and a normal part of the grieving process, not an indicator of clinical depression.
B. Loss of appetite can occur with both grief and depression, so it is not specific enough to indicate clinical depression.
C. Intense sadness is a normal reaction to grief, especially shortly after a loss. It is not necessarily pathological.
D. Loss of interest in pleasurable activities (anhedonia) is a hallmark symptom of clinical depression. When sadness persists and interferes with daily functioning and enjoyment of life, it may signal the transition from normal grief to a depressive disorder.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Abuse and/or neglect is the most likely concern in this situation. The fact that the client has a fractured arm, is soaked in urine, and has dried fecal matter on their lower extremities suggests neglect. The client's physical appearance and hygiene issues point to a lack of appropriate care or supervision. This requires further investigation to ensure the safety of the client.
B. Caregiver role strain can lead to stress and burnout, but it doesn't necessarily explain the physical neglect, including the broken arm and unsanitary condition. This could still be a contributing factor but is not the most likely primary concern.
C. Inability of the client to meet self-care needs could contribute to hygiene issues, but it does not explain the fracture and the overall neglect of care. Inadequate self-care ability might occur with conditions like dementia, but the neglect aspect points more to external factors.
D. Alzheimer's disease may cause cognitive decline and difficulty with self-care, but it doesn't directly explain the neglect or lack of proper hygiene or injury care. It’s more likely a factor in a situation of neglect, rather than the sole cause.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hematological disorders can influence the development of certain cancers (such as leukemia), but it is not a general cause of most cancers.
B. Endocrine system disorders can sometimes contribute to hormone-driven cancers (e.g., breast or prostate cancer), but it is not the primary cause of all cancers.
C. Immune system dysfunction can lead to an increased risk of cancer. The immune system is responsible for identifying and destroying abnormal cells, so when the immune system is compromised (e.g., by immunosuppression), cancer can develop more easily.
D. Gastrointestinal system disorders may contribute to cancers of the digestive tract (e.g., colon cancer), but the statement does not reflect the broader pathogenesis of cancer, which involves complex genetic and cellular mutations.
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