A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing grief. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the client has developed clinical depression?

States that connecting with family is comforting

Loss of appetite

Has intense moments of sadness

Loss of interest in pleasurable activities

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Finding comfort in connecting with family is a healthy coping mechanism and a normal part of the grieving process, not an indicator of clinical depression.
B. Loss of appetite can occur with both grief and depression, so it is not specific enough to indicate clinical depression.
C. Intense sadness is a normal reaction to grief, especially shortly after a loss. It is not necessarily pathological.
D. Loss of interest in pleasurable activities (anhedonia) is a hallmark symptom of clinical depression. When sadness persists and interferes with daily functioning and enjoyment of life, it may signal the transition from normal grief to a depressive disorder.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Slowing carbohydrate absorption in the small intestine is the primary action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, not metformin.
B. Reducing glucose production by the liver and enhancing insulin sensitivity accurately describes metformin’s mechanism. It lowers hepatic glucose output and improves peripheral uptake of glucose, making it the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes.
C. Increasing insulin production from the pancreas is the action of sulfonylureas, not metformin. Metformin does not stimulate insulin secretion.
D. Increasing insulin release, inhibiting glucagon, and delaying gastric emptying describes the action of GLP-1 receptor agonists, not metformin.

A. Allow the immune system to kill cancer cells B. Eradicate all cancer cells C. Shrine tumor D. Improve wound healing

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While the immune system may help in attacking cancer cells, chemotherapy is not given before surgery specifically to assist the immune system.
B. Eradicating all cancer cells is the ultimate goal of cancer treatment, but chemotherapy before surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) is not guaranteed to eliminate all cancer cells.
C. Shrink tumor is the correct answer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is administered before surgery to reduce the size of the tumor, making it easier to remove surgically and potentially allowing for less extensive surgery.
D. Chemotherapy does not improve wound healing; in fact, it can sometimes impair the body’s ability to heal due to its effects on rapidly dividing cells, including those involved in tissue repair.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing grief. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the client has developed clinical depression?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

During a treatment meeting in an oncology unit, the nurse learns that a patient is scheduled for chemotherapy before surgery. What are the purposes for this patient to receive chemotherapy at this specific time?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing grief. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the client has developed clinical depression?

The nurse is teaching a patient about the different routes of transmission. Which patient statement indicates correct understanding of airborne transmission?