A patient with a cardiac disorder is having increased premature ventricular contractions and feels "anxious" and short of breath. After vital signs are obtained, what actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Notify the health-care provider.

Start oxygen at 2 L/min.

Order an electrocardiogram and cardiac enzymes.

Place bed in modified Trendelenburg position.

Allow the patient to rest alone.

Elevate the head of the bed.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,F

A.   Increased premature ventricular contractions along with symptoms of anxiety and shortness of breath may indicate worsening cardiac function or an acute cardiac event, necessitating immediate medical attention.
B.   Oxygen therapy may help alleviate symptoms of shortness of breath and improve oxygenation in patients experiencing cardiac symptoms.
C.   These diagnostic tests can provide valuable information about cardiac function and any potential myocardial damage or ischemia, helping guide further treatment and management.
D.   The modified Trendelenburg position may increase cardiac workload, which is not beneficial in the case of PVCs.
E.   The patient should not be left alone due to the need for ongoing assessment and potential rapid intervention. Furthermore, leaving them alone could worsen their anxiety.
F.   Elevating the head of the bed can aid in breathing and comfort, reducing the sensation of breathlessness.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While a splenectomy can lead to increased workload on the liver, it does not directly predispose the patient to liver disease.
B. A history of splenectomy does not specifically increase the risk of lupus.

C. Patients who have undergone splenectomy are at increased risk of certain infections, particularly encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, which can cause pneumonia.
D. A history of splenectomy does not directly increase the risk of renal disease.

A. To reduce risk of infection B. To dry gastric secretions C. To promote postoperative healing D. To correct a clotting problem

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While vitamin K plays a role in immune function, its administration prior to surgery primarily aims to correct potential clotting abnormalities rather than prevent infection.

B. Vitamin K does not affect gastric secretions. Its role in this context is unrelated to gastric function.
C. While vitamin K is involved in various physiological processes, its administration prior to surgery is primarily aimed at preventing bleeding complications by ensuring adequate clotting factor synthesis.
D. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver.

Administering vitamin K prior to surgery helps ensure adequate levels of clotting factors, reducing the risk of bleeding during and after the procedure.

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A patient with a cardiac disorder is having increased premature ventricular contractions and feels "anxious" and short of breath. After vital signs are obtained, what actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is taking a health history and notes the patient has a history of a splenectomy. For which condition is this patient at risk?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient is admitted to the hospital for a splenectomy. The nurse understands that the health-care provider prescribes an injection of vitamin K prior to surgery for which action?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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