A patient with chronic pain was admitted to the hospital. The physician orders morphine sulfate 5mg PO every 4 hours. The patient states that he usually takes his home morphine prescription of 10mg every 4 hours and has been for several months. The patient is at risk for which of the following?

Physical dependence

Tolerance

Abstinence syndrome

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale: Physical dependence is a state where the body has adapted to the presence of the opioid, and abrupt cessation may lead to withdrawal symptoms. However, the patient's statement indicates tolerance more than physical dependence.
Choice B rationale: The patient is at risk for tolerance, which is the need for an increased dose of a substance to achieve the same effect. This is common in chronic opioid therapy.
Choice C rationale: Abstinence syndrome is another term for withdrawal syndrome, and this is more associated with sudden cessation of opioids.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Abstinence syndrome (withdrawal) from alcohol is characterized by symptoms such as muscle cramps, tremors, and tachycardia.
Choice B rationale: Hyperventilation, chest pain, and ptosis are not typical manifestations of alcohol withdrawal.
Choice C rationale: Increased urination, dry cough, and hypothermia are not characteristic of alcohol withdrawal.
Choice D rationale: Epistaxis, ascites, and exophthalmos are not specific to alcohol withdrawal and may indicate other health issues.

A. Respiratory depression can occur and persist for hours after patch removed B. The drug is very safe when administered in this topical formulation C. A heating pad can be used to augment pain relief D. the patient will begin to experience pain relief within 30 minutes

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Respiratory depression can occur and persist for hours after the removal of a fentanyl patch. It is crucial to monitor respiratory status closely and be aware of the potential delayed onset of respiratory depression.
Choice B rationale: Fentanyl, like any opioid, carries risks, and safety precautions should be observed. However, it is not completely without risks, especially in certain populations or situations.
Choice C rationale: Using a heating pad with a fentanyl patch is not recommended, as it can increase drug absorption and the risk of overdose.
Choice D rationale: Fentanyl patches have a delayed onset of action, and the patient will not experience immediate pain relief. It may take several hours for the full effect to be achieved after the application of the patch.

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A patient with chronic pain was admitted to the hospital. The physician orders morphine sulfate 5mg PO every 4 hours. The patient states that he usually takes his home morphine prescription of 10mg every 4 hours and has been for several months. The patient is at risk for which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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