Which diuretic is most appropriate for treating a patient with increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?

(A) Mannitol: Osmotic diuretic, does not significantly lower potassium.

(B) Calcium Carbonate: Used for hypocalcemia, not hyperkalemia.

(C) Glucose & Insulin: Insulin drives potassium into cells, reducing serum potassium levels. Glucose is given to prevent hypoglycemia.

(D) Metoprolol: Beta-blocker, does not directly lower potassium.

Cushing’s Syndrome → Dexamethasone Suppression Test

• Cushing’s Syndrome results from excess cortisol. The dexamethasone suppression test evaluates whether cortisol production is appropriately suppressed by exogenous steroids.

Addison’s Disease → ACTH Stimulation Test

• Addison’s Disease involves adrenal insufficiency. The ACTH stimulation test checks if the adrenal glands can produce cortisol when stimulated.

Graves’ Disease → TSH Receptor Antibody Test

• Graves’ Disease is an autoimmune hyperthyroid condition where autoantibodies stimulate the thyroid. The TSH receptor antibody test detects these autoantibodies.

Diabetes Insipidus → Water Deprivation Test

• Diabetes Insipidus causes excessive urination due to ADH deficiency or resistance. The water deprivation test assesses the kidneys' ability to concentrate urine in response to dehydration.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis → Antithyroid Antibody Test

• Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis is an autoimmune hypothyroid disorder characterized by elevated antithyroid antibodies.