A patient with gout has been instructed on the prescribed medication allopurinol (Zyloprim). Which patient statement indicates understanding of the action of this medication?

It increases formation of purines.

It blocks formation of uric acid.

It increases metabolism of purines.

It excretes proteins.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. It increases formation of purines: This is incorrect. Allopurinol works by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which is involved in the conversion of purines to uric acid. Therefore, it reduces, rather than increases, uric acid formation.
B. It blocks formation of uric acid: This is correct. Allopurinol decreases uric acid production by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which converts xanthine to uric acid, thus helping to prevent gout attacks and manage chronic gout.
C. It increases metabolism of purines: Allopurinol does not increase the metabolism of purines. Instead, it reduces the conversion of purines to uric acid, which is the substance that accumulates and causes gout.
D. It excretes proteins: Allopurinol does not facilitate the excretion of proteins. Its primary action is to reduce the production of uric acid.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A. "You should increase your daily exercise.": Regular physical activity helps lower blood pressure, improve cardiovascular health, and reduce the risk of stroke.
B. "Eat a low-sodium and low-potassium diet.": While reducing sodium intake is beneficial, potassium is actually important for blood pressure regulation. A diet rich in potassium is often recommended to help manage blood pressure.
C. "Oral contraceptives have no effect on stroke risk.": This statement is incorrect. Some oral contraceptives, especially those with higher estrogen content, can increase the risk of stroke, particularly in women with other risk factors.
D. "Strict blood glucose control is important.": Proper management of blood glucose levels is crucial for preventing stroke, especially in individuals with diabetes, as poorly controlled diabetes can lead to vascular complications.
E. "Excessive alcohol intake can increase your risk.": Excessive alcohol consumption is a known risk factor for hypertension and stroke. Moderation is key to reducing stroke risk.

A. Cigarette smoking B. Physical inactivity C. Family history of stroke D. Obesity E. Age

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

A. Cigarette smoking: This is correct. Smoking is a significant modifiable risk factor for stroke because it contributes to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular issues.
B. Physical inactivity: This is correct. Regular physical activity reduces the risk of stroke by improving cardiovascular health and reducing other risk factors such as hypertension and obesity.
C. Family history of stroke: This is not modifiable. While family history increases risk, it cannot be changed. However, knowing this risk can prompt proactive management of modifiable factors.
D. Obesity: This is correct. Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for stroke because it is associated with other risks such as hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. Weight loss and healthy lifestyle changes can reduce stroke risk.
E. Age: This is not modifiable. While older age increases stroke risk, it is a factor that cannot be changed.

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A patient with gout has been instructed on the prescribed medication allopurinol (Zyloprim). Which patient statement indicates understanding of the action of this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient asks the nurse how to prevent a stroke. Which statement by the nurse is correct? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

Which risk factors would be considered modifiable in the prevention of stroke? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]

Explanation

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