A patient has been diagnosed with Raynaud's disease and asks the nurse what occurs with this disease. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?

"Arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs, most often in the fingertips with symptoms of coldness, pain, and pale skin."

"Peripheral vasospasm occurs in the lower limbs as a result of valve damage from long-standing venous stasis."

"Arterial vessel occlusion is caused by many clots that develop in the heart and are carried to the bloodstream."

"Thrombosis related to prolonged vasoconstriction caused by overexposure to the cold occurs."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "Arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs, most often in the fingertips with symptoms of coldness, pain, and pale skin.": Raynaud disease involves episodes of vasospasm in the small arteries and arterioles, primarily in the fingers and toes, leading to symptoms like coldness, pain, pallor, and sometimes color changes in the skin.
B. "Peripheral vasospasm occurs in the lower limbs as a result of valve damage from long-standing venous stasis.": This description is more characteristic of venous insufficiency or chronic venous stasis rather than Raynaud disease, which affects the small arteries in the extremities.
C. "Arterial vessel occlusion is caused by many clots that develop in the heart and are carried to the bloodstream.": This describes an embolic event rather than the vasospasm typical of Raynaud disease.
D. "Thrombosis related to prolonged vasoconstriction caused by overexposure to the cold occurs.": While exposure to cold can trigger Raynaud's symptoms, the primary issue is episodic vasospasm, not thrombosis. Raynaud’s is not characterized by blood clot formation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Diabetes mellitus: While diabetes can cause peripheral vascular disease, it alone does not specifically cause intermittent claudication (pain on exertion relieved by rest).
B. Calcium deficiency: Calcium deficiency is not typically associated with intermittent claudication or peripheral vascular symptoms.
C. Peripheral vascular problems in both legs: This is correct. The symptoms described are classic for intermittent claudication, which is commonly due to peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD causes pain due to reduced blood flow to the muscles during exertion, which is relieved by rest.
D. An acute obstruction in the vessels of the legs: Acute obstruction would likely cause more severe and persistent symptoms, such as acute pain and loss of pulses, not just pain with walking.

A. The right leg for shortening B. The left leg for internal rotation C. The left leg for loss of function D. The right knee for crepitation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct answer: A
A. The right leg for shortening: This is the most critical observation because crossing the legs after a hip replacement can cause hip dislocation. A shortened leg can be a sign of dislocation, which is a serious complication that requires immediate attention.
B. The left leg for internal rotation: Internal rotation is more of a concern for the operated leg (the right leg), not the left leg, in this context.
C. The left leg for loss of function: This is less relevant unless there is concern about a complication in the left leg, which is not directly related to the issue of crossing legs post-surgery.
D. The right knee for crepitation: Crepitation refers to a crackling sound and is more associated with joint issues rather than an indicator of hip dislocation.

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A patient has been diagnosed with Raynaud's disease and asks the nurse what occurs with this disease. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in an outpatient clinic is collecting data from a client who tells the nurse, "I have pain in my legs when I begin to walk, but the pain stops when I stop walking." Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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