A patient has been diagnosed with Raynaud's disease and asks the nurse what occurs with this disease. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?

"Arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs, most often in the fingertips with symptoms of coldness, pain, and pale skin."

"Peripheral vasospasm occurs in the lower limbs as a result of valve damage from long-standing venous stasis."

"Arterial vessel occlusion is caused by many clots that develop in the heart and are carried to the bloodstream."

"Thrombosis related to prolonged vasoconstriction caused by overexposure to the cold occurs."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "Arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs, most often in the fingertips with symptoms of coldness, pain, and pale skin.": Raynaud disease involves episodes of vasospasm in the small arteries and arterioles, primarily in the fingers and toes, leading to symptoms like coldness, pain, pallor, and sometimes color changes in the skin.
B. "Peripheral vasospasm occurs in the lower limbs as a result of valve damage from long-standing venous stasis.": This description is more characteristic of venous insufficiency or chronic venous stasis rather than Raynaud disease, which affects the small arteries in the extremities.
C. "Arterial vessel occlusion is caused by many clots that develop in the heart and are carried to the bloodstream.": This describes an embolic event rather than the vasospasm typical of Raynaud disease.
D. "Thrombosis related to prolonged vasoconstriction caused by overexposure to the cold occurs.": While exposure to cold can trigger Raynaud's symptoms, the primary issue is episodic vasospasm, not thrombosis. Raynaud’s is not characterized by blood clot formation.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Give the patient a glass of water.: Giving the patient water without assessing their swallowing ability can be dangerous due to the risk of aspiration.
B. Check the patient's dysphagia screen.: Assessing for dysphagia is crucial because stroke patients often have impaired swallowing, which increases the risk of aspiration and choking.
C. Consult speech pathology.: Consulting a speech pathologist is important for a comprehensive swallowing assessment, but it is not the immediate action when a patient requests water.
D. Teach that stroke patients are nothing by mouth (NPO).: Not all stroke patients are NPO. This decision is based on the patient's ability to swallow safely, determined by a dysphagia screen.

A. The amount of pressure exerted by the veins and arteries on the heart B. The amount of blood volume within the blood vessels C. The amount of resistance within the veins during heart contraction D. The amount of force being placed on arteries by blood

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The amount of pressure exerted by the veins and arteries on the heart.: This is not accurate. Blood pressure specifically measures the force exerted by blood on the walls of arteries, not veins, and not the pressure they exert on the heart.
B. The amount of blood volume within the blood vessels.: This is incorrect. Blood pressure is related to blood volume, but it specifically measures the force against the arterial walls.
C. The amount of resistance within the veins during heart contraction.: Blood pressure refers to arterial pressure, not venous resistance.
D. The amount of force being placed on arteries by blood.: This is correct. Blood pressure measures the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood through the circulatory system.

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A patient has been diagnosed with Raynaud's disease and asks the nurse what occurs with this disease. Which of the following is the most appropriate response?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient who is diagnosed with a stroke is requesting a glass of water. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse explains to the patient that blood pressure measures

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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