A patient with heart failure is prescribed sotalol for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a potential concern?

Increases the force of the heart's contractions (Positive Inotropic Effect)

Hypertension

Decreases the force of the heart's contractions (Negative Inotropic Effect)

Hypercholesterolemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

(A) Positive Inotropic Effect: Sotalol does not increase contractility; it weakens contractions, making it a negative inotrope.

(B) Hypertension: Sotalol primarily lowers blood pressure and heart rate, which can actually cause hypotension.

(C) Negative Inotropic Effect: Sotalol is a beta-blocker that decreases myocardial contractility, which can further reduce cardiac output in heart failure patients.

(D) Hypercholesterolemia: Sotalol does not significantly impact cholesterol levels.

Nursing Test Bank

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"C"},"C":{"answers":"D"},"D":{"answers":"E"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) → Hyponatremia

Excess ADH leads to water retention, diluting sodium levels.

Addison’s Disease → Hyperkalemia

Adrenal insufficiency leads to decreased aldosterone, causing potassium retention.

Hypoparathyroidism → Hypocalcemia

Lack of parathyroid hormone reduces calcium levels.

Diabetes Insipidus → Hypernatremia

Excessive water loss leads to sodium concentration increase.

Hyperparathyroidism → Hypercalcemia

Excess parathyroid hormone increases calcium release from bones.

A. Fathers can pass the disorder to their sons. B. Carrier females rarely show symptoms. C. Equal male and female prevalence. D. All daughters of affected males are carriers.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

(A) Fathers can pass the disorder to their sons: Incorrect because fathers pass the Y chromosome to sons, not the X.

(B) Carrier females rarely show symptoms: While carrier females often do not show symptoms due to having one unaffected X chromosome, it is not a defining feature.

(C) Equal male and female prevalence: Incorrect because X-linked recessive disorders affect males more frequently, as they only have one X chromosome.

(D) All daughters of affected males are carriers: Since males have only one X chromosome, they pass their X chromosome to all daughters, making them carriers.

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A patient with heart failure is prescribed sotalol for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a potential concern?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Match the following conditions to the associated primary electrolyte imbalance:

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"C"},"C":{"answers":"D"},"D":{"answers":"E"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}

Explanation

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of X-linked recessive disorders?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Place the following symptoms under the correct condition: Diabetes Insipidus or SIADH.

What is the observable characteristic of an individual known as?

A patient with Addison's disease is likely to have which electrolyte imbalance?

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Which clinical findings are consistent with hypocalcemia? (Select all that apply)