Which laboratory value is most indicative of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
Potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 18 mg/dL
Serum creatinine of 5.0 mg/dL
Urine specific gravity of 1.015
The Correct Answer is C
(A) Potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L: Normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L), does not indicate CKD.
(B) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 18 mg/dL: BUN can fluctuate with hydration status and is not the most specific CKD marker.
(C) Serum creatinine of 5.0 mg/dL: Creatinine is a direct marker of kidney function. A level above 1.2 mg/dL suggests dysfunction, and 5.0 mg/dL is severely elevated, indicating CKD.
(D) Urine specific gravity of 1.015: Falls within the normal range (1.010-1.030), does not indicate CKD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
(A) Include foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide is a loop diuretic, which increases potassium excretion and may cause hypokalemia, requiring potassium supplementation.
(B) Increase calcium-rich foods: Torsemide primarily affects potassium, not calcium.
(C) Restrict fluid intake to 500 mL/day: Fluid restrictions may be necessary in severe heart failure, but 500 mL/day is too restrictive unless specifically indicated.
(D) Restrict foods rich in potassium in the diet: Torsemide causes potassium loss, not retention, so restricting potassium would worsen hypokalemia.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
(A) Hypokalemia: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases potassium excretion, leading to hypokalemia.
(B) Dehydration: Excessive diuresis can lead to dehydration.
(C) Hypertension: Furosemide lowers blood pressure; hypotension is a concern, not hypertension.
(D) Hypercalcemia: Furosemide increases calcium excretion, potentially causing hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia.
(E) Ototoxicity: High-dose or rapid IV furosemide can cause hearing loss and tinnitus.
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