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Which laboratory value is most indicative of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

A.

Potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L

B.

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 18 mg/dL

C.

Serum creatinine of 5.0 mg/dL

D.

Urine specific gravity of 1.015

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

(A) Potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L: Normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L), does not indicate CKD.

(B) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 18 mg/dL: BUN can fluctuate with hydration status and is not the most specific CKD marker.

(C) Serum creatinine of 5.0 mg/dL: Creatinine is a direct marker of kidney function. A level above 1.2 mg/dL suggests dysfunction, and 5.0 mg/dL is severely elevated, indicating CKD.

(D) Urine specific gravity of 1.015: Falls within the normal range (1.010-1.030), does not indicate CKD.

 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

Diabetes Insipidus:

  • Polyuria: ADH deficiency/resistance causes excessive urine output.
  • Hypernatremia: Excessive water loss leads to high serum sodium levels.
  • Dilute Urine: The kidneys cannot concentrate urine without ADH.

SIADH:

  • Decreased Urine Output: Excess ADH leads to water retention and decreased urination.
  • Hyponatremia: Water retention dilutes sodium levels.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

(A) 0.45% NaCl (Hypotonic Fluid): Used for mild dehydration but can cause fluid shifts leading to cerebral edema.

(B) 3% NaCl (Hypertonic Fluid): Used for severe hyponatremia, not dehydration.

(C) Lactated Ringer’s (LR): This isotonic fluid replaces lost fluids and electrolytes, making it the best choice for severe dehydration, especially in patients with electrolyte imbalances.

(D) D5W: Initially isotonic but becomes hypotonic once glucose is metabolized, leading to fluid shifts into cells, worsening dehydration.

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