Which laboratory value is most indicative of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

Potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 18 mg/dL

Serum creatinine of 5.0 mg/dL

Urine specific gravity of 1.015

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

(A) Potassium level of 4.0 mEq/L: Normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L), does not indicate CKD.

(B) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 18 mg/dL: BUN can fluctuate with hydration status and is not the most specific CKD marker.

(C) Serum creatinine of 5.0 mg/dL: Creatinine is a direct marker of kidney function. A level above 1.2 mg/dL suggests dysfunction, and 5.0 mg/dL is severely elevated, indicating CKD.

(D) Urine specific gravity of 1.015: Falls within the normal range (1.010-1.030), does not indicate CKD.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

(A) Hypokalemia: Addison’s disease does not cause potassium loss.

(B) Hyperkalemia: Addison’s disease involves adrenal insufficiency, leading to low aldosterone levels. Aldosterone normally promotes potassium excretion; without it, potassium accumulates in the blood.

(C) Hyponatremia: Lack of aldosterone also prevents sodium retention, leading to excess sodium loss in urine and low sodium levels.

(D) Hypernatremia: Sodium levels are low due to excessive sodium excretion.

A. Thirst B. Seizures C. Dry mucous membranes D. Bradycardia E. Muscle weakness

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

(A) Thirst: The body increases thirst to compensate for high sodium levels and prevent dehydration.

(B) Seizures: Severe hypernatremia causes neurological symptoms like seizures due to cerebral dehydration.

(C) Dry Mucous Membranes: Water loss leads to dry oral mucosa.

(E) Muscle Weakness: Electrolyte imbalances affect neuromuscular function, leading to weakness.

(D) Bradycardia: Hypernatremia is more likely to cause tachycardia due to dehydration and hypovolemia.

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Which laboratory value is most indicative of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is ["B","C"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

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