A patient's ABG results came back with the following values: pH 7.25, CO2 40, HCO3 22. How would you, as the nurse, interpret these results?

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and a normal or low HCO3. In this case, the pH is 7.25, which is below the normal range of 7.35-7.45, and the HCO3 is 22, which is at the lower end of the normal range of 22-26 mEq/L, indicating metabolic acidosis.

Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a high CO2 level. However, in this scenario, the CO2 is 40, which is within the normal range of 35-45 mmHg, ruling out respiratory acidosis.

Choice C reason: Metabolic alkalosis would present with a high pH and a high HCO3 level. Since the pH is low, metabolic alkalosis is not the correct answer.

Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a low CO2 level and a high pH. Given that the CO2 is normal and the pH is low, respiratory alkalosis is not the condition indicated by these ABG results.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that typically causes potassium loss, not hyperkalemia.

Choice B reason: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which can lead to an increase in potassium levels, potentially causing hyperkalemia.

Choice C reason: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that usually results in potassium loss, not hyperkalemia.

Choice D reason: Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that does not typically cause hyperkalemia.

A. "Try to form a routine at diﬀerent times of the day." B. "Increase your daily ﬂuid intake." C. "Increase your daily activity." D. "Consume a low-fiber diet."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Forming a routine at diﬀerent times of the day does not specifically address constipation and can be confusing for the patient.

Choice B reason: Increasing daily ﬂuid intake can help alleviate constipation by softening the stool and promoting bowel movements.

Choice C reason: Increasing daily activity can help with constipation, but it is not as immediate or eﬀective as increasing ﬂuid intake.

Choice D reason: Consuming a low-fiber diet is not recommended for constipation; in fact, a high-fiber diet is beneficial.

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A patient's ABG results came back with the following values: pH 7.25, CO2 40, HCO3 22. How would you, as the nurse, interpret these results?

Nursing Test Bank

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