A patient's blood gases show a pH of 7.53, PCO2 of 48, and HCO3 of 36 mEq/L. The nurse realizes that the acid-base disorder this patient is demonstrating is which of the following?

Respiratory Acidosis

Respiratory Alkalosis

Metabolic Alkalosis

Metabolic Acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Respiratory Acidosis is characterized by a low pH and a high PCO2, which is not the case here.

Choice B reason: Respiratory Alkalosis would involve a high pH and a low PCO2, which is not consistent with the patient's PCO2 level.

Choice C reason: Metabolic Alkalosis is indicated by a high pH and a high HCO3, which matches the patient's blood gas values.

Choice D reason: Metabolic Acidosis would show a low pH and a low HCO3, which is the opposite of this patient's presentation.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason (precautions): Droplet precautions are not the primary recommendation for Hepatitis A, as it is not primarily spread through droplets.
Choice B reason (precautions): Contact precautions are recommended for patients with Hepatitis A due to the risk of fecal-oral transmission, especially in a patient with incontinence.
Choice C reason (precautions): While standard precautions are always necessary, they are not sufficient alone for Hepatitis A, which requires additional precautions due to its mode of transmission.
Choice D reason (precautions): Airborne precautions are not required for Hepatitis A, as it is not spread through the air.

A. "It is okay to take aspirin with GERD." B. "You should avoid possible mercury-containing foods such as some seafood because of their risk to GERD." C. "There is no causal link between lying down after eating and increased onset of GERD." D. "You should avoid or cut down on alcohol and caﬀeine which can aggravate GERD."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Aspirin can irritate the stomach lining and increase acid reﬂux, worsening GERD symptoms. It is generally not recommended without consulting a healthcare provider.
Choice B reason : Mercury content in seafood is not directly linked to GERD. This statement is misleading and does not address known risk factors for GERD.
Choice C reason : Lying down after eating can indeed increase the onset of GERD as it allows stomach contents to ﬂow back into the esophagus more easily.
Choice D reason : Alcohol and caﬀeine can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to rise into the esophagus and worsen GERD symptoms. Therefore, it is advisable to avoid or reduce their intake.

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A patient's blood gases show a pH of 7.53, PCO2 of 48, and HCO3 of 36 mEq/L. The nurse realizes that the acid-base disorder this patient is demonstrating is which of the following?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

You are admitting a client from a long-term care facility with a new diagnosis of Hepatitis A. He has a history of a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) that has left him incontinent of both urine and stool. Which of the following is the most appropriate level of precautions?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is educating a client about the risk factors for GERD (gastroesophageal reﬂux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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