A patient's blood gases show a pH of 7.53, PCO2 of 48, and HCO3 of 36 mEq/L. The nurse realizes that the acid-base disorder this patient is demonstrating is which of the following?
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory Alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
Metabolic Acidosis
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Respiratory Acidosis is characterized by a low pH and a high PCO2, which is not the case here.
Choice B reason: Respiratory Alkalosis would involve a high pH and a low PCO2, which is not consistent with the patient's PCO2 level.
Choice C reason: Metabolic Alkalosis is indicated by a high pH and a high HCO3, which matches the patient's blood gas values.
Choice D reason: Metabolic Acidosis would show a low pH and a low HCO3, which is the opposite of this patient's presentation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: The annual pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for preventing pneumococcal disease, which can be a complication of COPD, but it is not a primary prevention method for COPD itself.
Choice B reason: Maintaining ideal weight is important for overall health but is not directly related to the prevention of COPD.
Choice C reason: The annual influenza vaccine can help prevent flu-related complications in individuals with COPD but is not a primary prevention method for COPD.
Choice D reason: Stopping or cutting back on smoking is the most effective way to prevent COPD, as smoking is the leading cause of the disease.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dabigatran does not specifically slow the ventricular response; medications like beta-blockers are typically used for rate control in atrial fibrillation.
Choice B reason: Dabigatran is an anticoagulant that reduces the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation by preventing clot formation.
Choice C reason: Dabigatran does not convert atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm; that would be the role of antiarrhythmic drugs or procedures like cardioversion.
Choice D reason: While dabigatran can prevent clots from forming, it is not used to dissolve existing clots; thrombolytic agents are used for that purpose.
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