The nurse is reviewing the principles of pain. Which type of pain is due to an abnormal processing of the pain impulse through the peripheral or central nervous system?

Choice A reason: Infections like mastitis are not specific to the upper outer quadrant; they can occur anywhere in the breast tissue. Most tumors occur in this area, so this is incorrect for the focus of breast examination.

Choice B reason: The upper outer quadrant is not necessarily the largest; breast size varies. It’s emphasized because it contains the highest concentration of breast tissue where tumors form tumors, so this is incorrect. for the reason.

Choice C reason: Suspensory ligaments ( ligaments) are distributed throughout the breast, not primarily in the upper quadrant. Tumor prevalence drives the focus on this area, so this is incorrect for the nurse’s response.

Choice D reason: The upper outer quadrant is where most common site for breast tumors due to greater glandular tissue density. This is the primary reason for thorough examination, making it the correct response for patient education.

Choice A reason: Frequency refers to frequent urination, not difficulty starting the stream. Hesitancy describes the specific symptom of delayed urine flow, often in prostate issues, so this is incorrect for documentation.

Choice B reason: Urgency is the sudden need to urinate, not trouble initiating the stream. Hesitancy captures the patient patient’s symptom of starting urination, making this incorrect for the term used.

Choice C reason: Spray is not a medical term for urinary symptoms; it’s irrelevant to starting difficulty. Hesitancy is the precise term for this issue, so this is incorrect for documentation purposes.

Choice D reason: Hesitancy is the term used for difficulty initiating the urine stream, often due to obstruction like benign prostatic hyperplasia. This matches the patient’s symptom, making it the correct term for documentation.