A pediatric nurse is explaining Erickson's stages to a nursing student. Which of the following behaviors would indicate a four-year-old has successfully mastered the initiative vs guilt stage?
Demonstrating a strong fear of making mistakes and avoiding new tasks
Frequently seeking approval from adults before engaging in any activity
Preferring to play alone rather than with other children
Initiating make-believe play with peers and creating imaginative scenarios
The Correct Answer is D
A. A strong fear of making mistakes suggests a child may be experiencing guilt rather than initiative.
B. While seeking approval is important, excessive reliance on adult validation can indicate guilt and fear of taking initiative.
C. Preferring solitary play at this age may suggest difficulty with social interactions and a lack of initiative, which is typical for this developmental stage.
D. A four-year-old who initiates make-believe play and engages in imaginative scenarios demonstrates a healthy sense of initiative, which is a hallmark of successfully mastering the initiative vs guilt stage.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Early intervention program screening children for developmental delays is a secondary prevention strategy that aims to identify and address delays as early as possible, thus minimizing their impact.
B. Environmental policies to decrease air pollution relate to primary prevention, as they aim to prevent health issues before they occur.
C. Well-child preventive health visits are part of primary prevention, focusing on maintaining health and preventing illness.
D. Free healthy pregnancy classes for expectant parents also represent primary prevention, promoting healthy behaviors to prevent developmental issues.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Following one-step directions is more characteristic of toddlers, while preschoolers can follow multi-step directions.
B. Recognizing oneself in a mirror typically occurs in infants or toddlers.
C. Collecting items is usually a hobby or behavior observed in older children, not preschoolers.
D. Associative play, where children play together but may not have organized rules or structure, is a developmental milestone expected in preschoolers.
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