A person who has a frontal-lobe brain injury is likely to experience a deficit in which of the following?
Emotional stability
Speech comprehension
Vision
Swallowing
The Correct Answer is A
A. The frontal lobe is responsible for higher cognitive functions, including emotional regulation, problem-solving, decision-making, and controlling emotional responses. A frontal-lobe injury can impair emotional stability, making it difficult for the individual to manage emotions appropriately. This is the correct answer.
B. Speech comprehension is primarily associated with the temporal lobe, particularly in areas like Wernicke’s area, not the frontal lobe.
C. Vision is processed in the occipital lobe, so a frontal-lobe injury would not typically affect vision.
D. Swallowing involves motor control that is often linked to the brainstem, not the frontal lobe.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Pernicious anemia is caused by vitamin B12 deficiency due to impaired absorption, not excessive destruction of erythrocytes.
B. Aplastic anemia results from the bone marrow's inability to produce enough blood cells, leading to a deficiency of all blood cell types, rather than the destruction of erythrocytes.
C. Immunohemolytic anemia is characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking and destroying the body's own erythrocytes, leading to excessive destruction of red blood cells.
D. Iron-deficiency anemia is caused by insufficient iron to produce hemoglobin, resulting in low red blood cell production, but not excessive destruction of erythrocytes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cardiac index is a measurement of cardiac output adjusted for body surface area. It provides a more individualized assessment of heart function, but it does not describe the amount of blood ejected during each contraction.
B. Cardiac output refers to the total amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute, which is the product of stroke volume and heart rate. However, it describes the overall volume pumped by the heart, not the blood ejected per contraction.
C. Stroke volume is the term used to describe the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle during each contraction. It is a key indicator of cardiac function.
D. Ejection fraction is the percentage of blood in the left ventricle that is pumped out with each contraction, representing the efficiency of the heart. It is related to stroke volume but is not the same as the volume ejected per contraction.
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