A premature infant is on oxygen therapy. Due to oxygen therapy, the nurse explains to the parents that their infant is at a higher risk for:

Choice A rationale

Difficulty breathing can indicate an anaphylactic reaction, a rare but serious side effect of Hemabate. It involves bronchoconstriction triggered by prostaglandin administration, usually necessitating emergency interventions.

Choice B rationale

Diarrhea is common due to prostaglandin's stimulation of smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to increased motility. This adverse effect often accompanies other systemic effects like cramping.

Choice C rationale

Hypotension, while possible, is less frequent and usually transient. It may result from the vasodilatory properties of prostaglandins but is not a primary side effect.

Choice D rationale

Palpitations occur less commonly and may arise if Hemabate induces systemic changes affecting heart rate, including reflex tachycardia secondary to other hemodynamic shifts.

Choice A rationale

Engorgement is caused by milk overproduction or improper drainage rather than cracked nipples. While related to breastfeeding issues, it is not directly linked to cracked or bleeding nipples.

Choice B rationale

Mastitis is an infection of breast tissue that occurs due to milk stasis or blocked ducts. Cracked nipples increase infection risks, but mastitis is secondary to these infections.

Choice C rationale

Decrease in milk production is influenced by hormonal imbalances or poor latch rather than by cracked or bleeding nipples. It does not directly result from nipple trauma.

Choice D rationale

Cracked nipples create an entry point for bacteria, significantly increasing infection risks such as cellulitis or abscess formation. Proper hygiene and wound care are essential to reduce complications.