A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. Which of the following best describes this disease spectrum?
Endemic
Epidemic
Pandemic
Polidemic
The Correct Answer is B
A. Endemic: An endemic disease is one that is consistently present in a population at expected levels, such as malaria in some tropical regions. Food poisoning outbreaks are not endemic.
B. Epidemic: An epidemic occurs when there is a sudden increase in cases of a disease within a specific population, as seen in this outbreak of food poisoning among picnic attendees.
C. Pandemic: A pandemic affects multiple countries or continents, which does not apply to this localized outbreak.
D. Polidemic: The term "polidemic" is not commonly used in epidemiology; the correct term for a localized outbreak is "epidemic."
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Poultry: Poultry is more commonly associated with Salmonella and Campylobacter infections rather than E. coli 0157:H7.
B. Water parks: While waterborne outbreaks can occur, direct animal contact is a greater risk factor for E. coli 0157:H7 infection.
C. Petting zoos: Petting zoos pose a significant risk because E. coli 0157:H7 can be transmitted through contact with infected animals and their feces. Children and immunocompromised individuals are especially vulnerable.
D. Carrots: While contaminated produce has been linked to E. coli outbreaks, petting zoos pose a higher risk due to direct exposure to infected animals.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Risk communication: Risk communication involves informing the public about health risks but does not specifically address social inequalities in environmental hazards.
B. Tertiary prevention: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing existing health conditions, not preventing environmental injustices.
C. Environmental epidemiology: Environmental epidemiology studies the relationship between environmental exposures and health outcomes but does not directly advocate against environmental injustice.
D. Environmental justice: Environmental justice focuses on ensuring that all communities, regardless of race or socioeconomic status, receive equal protection from environmental hazards. Opposing the construction of a waste site in a disadvantaged area aligns with this principle.
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