A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. Which of the following best describes this disease spectrum?

Endemic

Epidemic

Pandemic

Polidemic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Endemic: An endemic disease is one that is consistently present in a population at expected levels, such as malaria in some tropical regions. Food poisoning outbreaks are not endemic.

B. Epidemic: An epidemic occurs when there is a sudden increase in cases of a disease within a specific population, as seen in this outbreak of food poisoning among picnic attendees.

C. Pandemic: A pandemic affects multiple countries or continents, which does not apply to this localized outbreak.

D. Polidemic: The term "polidemic" is not commonly used in epidemiology; the correct term for a localized outbreak is "epidemic."

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Answering parents' questions about the safety and importance of vaccines today: While educating parents is essential, it relies on voluntary compliance and does not have the same large-scale impact as mandatory immunization laws.

B. Offering all immunizations to all children for a small fee: Improving vaccine access is important but does not guarantee that parents will vaccinate their children.

C. Educational campaigns to all health care providers about the importance of immunizations whenever a child is seen: While provider education is valuable, it does not enforce vaccinations on a broad population level like school-entry laws do.

D. "No shots, no school" legislation, which legally requires children be immunized before school: School immunization mandates have played a significant role in increasing vaccination rates and reducing outbreaks of preventable diseases such as measles, mumps, and pertussis. These laws ensure high vaccine compliance before children enter school, making them one of the most effective public health measures.

A. Being bitten by an infected mosquito B. A group of partygoers hugging and shaking hands C. Disease spreading from infected mother to infant via the placenta D. Two persons, one of whom is infected, sharing a glass of soda

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Being bitten by an infected mosquito: A vector is an organism (e.g., a mosquito, tick, or flea) that transmits pathogens from one host to another. Mosquitoes transmit diseases like malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus.

B. A group of partygoers hugging and shaking hands: This describes direct contact transmission, not vector-borne transmission.

C. Disease spreading from infected mother to infant via the placenta: This describes vertical transmission (from mother to child during pregnancy), not vector-borne transmission.

D. Two persons, one of whom is infected, sharing a glass of soda: This describes indirect contact transmission through fomites (contaminated objects), not vector-borne transmission.

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A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. Which of the following best describes this disease spectrum?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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