A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. Which of the following best describes this disease spectrum?
Endemic
Epidemic
Pandemic
Polidemic
The Correct Answer is B
A. Endemic: An endemic disease is one that is consistently present in a population at expected levels, such as malaria in some tropical regions. Food poisoning outbreaks are not endemic.
B. Epidemic: An epidemic occurs when there is a sudden increase in cases of a disease within a specific population, as seen in this outbreak of food poisoning among picnic attendees.
C. Pandemic: A pandemic affects multiple countries or continents, which does not apply to this localized outbreak.
D. Polidemic: The term "polidemic" is not commonly used in epidemiology; the correct term for a localized outbreak is "epidemic."
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Chlamydia: There is no vaccine for chlamydia; prevention relies on safe sex practices and screening.
B. Hepatitis B: The Hepatitis B vaccine is highly effective in preventing HBV infection.
C. Gonorrhea: No vaccine exists; prevention includes condom use and regular screening.
D. Genital Herpes Simplex Virus 2: HSV-2 has no vaccine; antiviral medications help manage symptoms but do not prevent infection.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Agent, Host, Environment: The epidemiologic triangle consists of:
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Agent – The cause of disease (e.g., bacteria, viruses, toxins).
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Host – The person or animal affected by the disease.
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Environment – External factors that influence disease transmission (e.g., climate, sanitation, population density).
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B. Agent, Condition, Variable: "Condition" and "Variable" are not standard components of the epidemiologic triangle. The correct term is host (the affected person or animal).
C. Agent, Host, Condition: "Condition" is not part of the triangle. The environment is a crucial factor that influences the spread of disease.
D. Agent, Host, Disease: "Disease" is an outcome rather than a component of the epidemiologic triangle. The triangle focuses on the factors that contribute to disease spread, including the environment.
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