An instructor is reviewing Salmonella infections with her class. Which of the following comments indicates that the student needs further review on Salmonella?
"Salmonella is a bacterial infection."
"Salmonella symptoms include headaches, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever."
"Salmonella may be spread by spores that form once contaminated blood is exposed to the air."
"Salmonella has a 48-hour incubation period."
The Correct Answer is C
A. "Salmonella is a bacterial infection." Salmonella is a gram-negative bacterium that causes foodborne illness.
B. "Salmonella symptoms include headaches, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever." These are common symptoms of Salmonella infection, particularly gastroenteritis.
C. "Salmonella may be spread by spores that form once contaminated blood is exposed to the air." Salmonella is a bacterial infection that spreads primarily through contaminated food, water, or direct contact with infected animals. It does not form spores, and exposure to air does not play a role in its transmission.
D. "Salmonella has a 48-hour incubation period." While the incubation period can range from 6 to 72 hours, 48 hours falls within the expected time frame.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Appreciate that the family has made the decision that it feels is best and take no further action if it is clear the family has made an informed choice: Respecting autonomy is a key ethical principle in nursing. If the family has made an informed decision without coercion, the nurse should respect their choice. Beneficence and nonmaleficence do not override autonomy in this case.
B. Try to convince the agency to give the care for free, even if it means economic stress for the agency, because the medical need is obvious: While advocacy is important, it is unethical to place financial strain on an agency without proper policy in place. This option disregards justice (fair distribution of resources).
C. Stress that each individual in society has a right to healthcare and the family will have to create some way to raise funds for the needed treatment: While healthcare access is a concern, pressuring the family to raise funds imposes unrealistic expectations and does not respect their right to decline care.
D. Talk to the media to see whether a campaign to raise funds for the family can be created: Disclosing a family's personal health information without consent violates confidentiality and privacy rights under ethical and legal guidelines.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Endemic: An endemic disease is one that is consistently present in a population at expected levels, such as malaria in some tropical regions. Food poisoning outbreaks are not endemic.
B. Epidemic: An epidemic occurs when there is a sudden increase in cases of a disease within a specific population, as seen in this outbreak of food poisoning among picnic attendees.
C. Pandemic: A pandemic affects multiple countries or continents, which does not apply to this localized outbreak.
D. Polidemic: The term "polidemic" is not commonly used in epidemiology; the correct term for a localized outbreak is "epidemic."
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