A client is using a primary prevention strategy to prevent infectious disease. Which of the following actions is the client most likely taking?
A client receives a tetanus booster every 10 years.
A client with tetanus is given antibiotics and is placed on seizure precautions.
A client receives tetanus immunoglobulin after stepping on a nail.
A client is screened for a tetanus infection.
The Correct Answer is A
A. A client receives a tetanus booster every 10 years: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs. Vaccinations are a classic primary prevention measure.
B. A client with tetanus is given antibiotics and is placed on seizure precautions: This is tertiary prevention, as it focuses on managing an existing disease.
C. A client receives tetanus immunoglobulin after stepping on a nail: Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a secondary prevention strategy because it prevents disease progression after exposure.
D. A client is screened for a tetanus infection: Screening is secondary prevention, as it focuses on early detection, not prevention.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Number of true negatives / (true negatives + false positives): This formula is used to calculate specificity, not incidence.
B. Number of new cases in a period of time / total population × base multiple of 10: Incidence rate measures the number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population during a specific period. It is expressed per a base population size (e.g., per 1,000 or 100,000 people) to allow for comparisons across different populations.
C. Number of true positives / (true positives + false negatives): This formula is used to calculate sensitivity, not incidence.
D. Number of new cases + number of old cases in a period of time / total population × base multiple of 10: This describes prevalence, which includes both new and existing cases, not incidence.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Veracity: Veracity refers to truthfulness and honesty. The nurse is ethically obligated to report medication errors, regardless of whether harm occurred. Failing to complete an incident report violates this principle.
B. Autonomy: Autonomy refers to respecting a client's right to make informed decisions. This situation involves an error in practice, not a violation of client autonomy.
C. Beneficence: Beneficence refers to promoting the well-being of clients. While not reporting the error may seem like an attempt to avoid unnecessary distress, it is more directly a violation of veracity.
D. Confidentiality: Confidentiality involves protecting a client’s private health information. The failure to report a medication error does not violate confidentiality but does compromise transparency and accountability.
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