A registered nurse (RN) is providing strategies for “better breathing” to a patient with emphysema. Successful teaching of this topic would be identified when the patient states that he will:
Use the tripod position.
Practice pursed lip breathing method.
Stay current with yearly vaccinations.
Take an antihistamine every day.
Inhale slowly and deeply.
Sleep with 2 pillows to prop himself up.
Measure peak flow.
Take a leukotriene inhibitor every day.
Correct Answer : A,B,E,F
Choice A rationale
The tripod position helps to improve breathing by allowing the diaphragm to expand more effectively. This position reduces the work of breathing and helps to increase lung capacity, which is beneficial for patients with emphysema.
Choice B rationale
Pursed lip breathing is a technique that helps to keep the airways open longer, allowing more air to escape and reducing the work of breathing. This method helps to improve ventilation and oxygenation in patients with emphysema.
Choice C rationale
Staying current with yearly vaccinations is important for overall health, but it is not a specific strategy for better breathing in emphysema patients. Vaccinations help prevent respiratory infections, which can exacerbate emphysema symptoms.
Choice D rationale
Taking an antihistamine every day is not a recommended strategy for better breathing in emphysema patients. Antihistamines are typically used to treat allergies and may have side effects that could worsen breathing difficulties.
Choice E rationale
Inhaling slowly and deeply helps to maximize lung expansion and improve oxygenation. This technique can help to reduce shortness of breath and improve overall breathing efficiency in patients with emphysema.
Choice F rationale
Sleeping with 2 pillows to prop oneself up helps to reduce the work of breathing by preventing the diaphragm from being compressed. This position can help to improve breathing and reduce shortness of breath during sleep.
Choice G rationale
Measuring peak flow is a useful tool for monitoring lung function, but it is not a specific strategy for better breathing in emphysema patients. Peak flow measurements can help to track the progression of the disease and adjust treatment plans accordingly.
Choice H rationale
Taking a leukotriene inhibitor every day is not a recommended strategy for better breathing in emphysema patients. Leukotriene inhibitors are typically used to treat asthma and may not be effective for emphysema.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increased shortness of breath is a key symptom of worsening congestive heart failure (CHF). It indicates that the heart is not effectively pumping blood, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and increased respiratory effort.
Choice B rationale
A temperature of 37°C (98.6°F) is within the normal range and does not indicate worsening CHF. Monitoring the patient’s temperature is important, but it is not a sign of CHF exacerbation.
Choice C rationale
A blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg is within the normal range and does not indicate worsening CHF. Blood pressure should be monitored, but this reading does not suggest an acute issue.
Choice D rationale
Occasional dizziness can be a symptom of many conditions, including CHF, but it is not as specific or critical as increased shortness of breath. It should be monitored, but it does not indicate an immediate worsening of CHF.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cerebral ischemia due to an embolus that originates in the left atrium is a common complication of chronic atrial fibrillation (AFib). AFib causes irregular and chaotic electrical signals in the atria, leading to poor blood flow and the formation of blood clots. These clots can travel to the brain, causing a stroke. This is the most acute and severe event associated with chronic AFib.
Choice B rationale
Development of ventricular fibrillation is a life-threatening arrhythmia that can occur in patients with severe heart disease, but it is not a common acute event in chronic AFib.
Ventricular fibrillation involves the ventricles and is characterized by rapid, erratic electrical impulses, leading to ineffective heart contractions and sudden cardiac arrest.
Choice C rationale
Ischemia of the cerebellum due to a ruptured intracranial aneurysm is not directly related to chronic AFib. While AFib increases the risk of stroke, it does not specifically cause aneurysms or cerebellar ischemia. Aneurysms are typically related to other risk factors such as hypertension and vascular abnormalities.
Choice D rationale
Prolonged capillary refill secondary to a complete lack of cardiac output is a sign of severe cardiac dysfunction or shock. While AFib can lead to heart failure and reduced cardiac output, it does not typically cause a complete lack of cardiac output. The most acute event related to AFib is the formation of emboli and subsequent stroke.
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