A woman at 36-weeks gestation who is Rh negative is admitted to labor and delivery reporting abdominal cramping. She is placed on strict bedrest and the fetal heart rate and contraction pattern are monitored with an external fetal monitor Two hours after admission, the nurse notes a large amount of bright red vaginal bleeding. Which nursing intervention has the highest priority?

Determine fetal position by performing Leopold maneuvers.

Assess the fetal heart rate and client's contraction pattern

Confirm Rh and Coombs status for Rho(D) immunoglobulin administration

Perform sterile vaginal examination to determine dilatation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Determine fetal position by performing Leopold maneuvers:
Leopold maneuvers are used to determine the fetal position and presentation by palpating the mother's abdomen. While this information can be valuable, it's not the highest priority in a situation where there is significant vaginal bleeding.

B. Assess the fetal heart rate and client's contraction pattern:
This is the highest priority because it directly addresses the immediate concern. Monitoring the fetal heart rate and contraction pattern helps to assess the well-being of both the mother and the baby.

C. Confirm Rh and Coombs status for Rho(D) immunoglobulin administration:
While determining Rh status is important, it may not be the immediate priority in this situation. However, if there is a need for Rho(D) immunoglobulin administration, it should be addressed in a timely manner.

D. Perform sterile vaginal examination to determine dilatation:
Performing a sterile vaginal examination is an important aspect of assessing the progress of labor, but it may not be the highest priority when there is significant vaginal bleeding. The focus initially should be on assessing the fetal heart rate and contraction pattern.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Bleeding tendencies:
Bleeding tendencies are not typically a priority immediately after birth unless there is a specific indication. Newborns are not at immediate risk for bleeding unless there are underlying conditions.

B. Heat loss:
Heat loss is a significant concern for newborns. Maintaining an adequate temperature is crucial to prevent hypothermia, which can lead to complications.

C. Hypoglycemia:
While monitoring blood glucose is important in the newborn, it may not be the most immediate concern within the first minutes after delivery. Stabilizing the newborn's temperature and initiating breathing are usually higher priorities.

D. Fluid balance:
Fluid balance is essential, but the initial focus is often on establishing respirations and maintaining temperature. Fluids may be administered as needed based on the clinical assessment.

A. Place client in a negative pressure room B. Implement droplet precautions C. Encourage the mother to bottle-feed D. Give antiviral medication intravenously E. Use standard precautions

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Place client in a negative pressure room:HIV is not an airborne disease, and clients with HIV do not require isolation in a negative pressure room. Standard precautions are sufficient to prevent transmission.

B. Implement droplet precautions:HIV is not transmitted via droplets. It is transmitted through contact with blood, certain body fluids, or perinatal exposure. Droplet precautions are not indicated.

C. Encourage the mother to bottle-feed: HIV can be transmitted through breast milk. To prevent vertical transmission postpartum, mothers with HIV are advised to avoid breastfeeding and to use formula or bottle-feed instead.

D. Give antiviral medication intravenously: Intrapartum IV zidovudine should be administered in the following situations: (a) HIV RNA >1,000 copies/mL, (b) unknown HIV RNA, (c) known or suspected lack of adherence since the last HIV RNA result, or (d) a positive expedited antigen/antibody HIV test result during labor (AI).

E. Use standard precautions:Standard precautions are the appropriate infection control measures for caring for clients with HIV. This includes wearing gloves, practicing proper hand hygiene, and avoiding contact with the client's blood and other potentially infectious fluids.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse receives a newborn within the first minutes after a vaginal delivery and intervenes to establish adequate respirations. What priority issue should the nurse address to ensure the newborn's survival?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client at 40-weeks gestation is admitted in active labor, and laboratory findings indicate that she is HIV positive. Which actions should the nurse plan to perform? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

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