Administration in a facility is charged with developing a shared governance structure within nursing to develop/revise policies/procedure, and to weigh in on decisions that ultimately support the success of the facility.

What is this process called?

Choice A rationale
It is a common practice for nurses to assess a patient’s respirations without explicitly stating so. This is because patients may alter their breathing pattern if they know it’s being observed.
Choice B rationale
Auscultating heart sounds using the bell of the stethoscope is a standard practice in nursing. The bell of the stethoscope is used specifically to listen to low-frequency sounds such as heart murmurs.
Choice C rationale
Assessing both carotid pulse sites at the same time is dangerous and should be avoided. This action can lead to reduced blood flow to the brain, possibly causing the patient to faint or experience a decrease in cerebral blood flow.
Choice D rationale
Cleaning the stethoscope between patient assessments is a recommended practice to prevent the spread of infections.

Choice A rationale
Explaining interventions prior to performing them is a key aspect of patient autonomy. It allows patients to understand what is happening to them and gives them the opportunity to ask questions or refuse treatment if they wish.
Choice B rationale
While keeping patient information private is important and is part of the ethical principle of confidentiality, it does not directly support patient autonomy.
Choice C rationale
Bringing back medication at the stated time supports the principle of beneficence (doing good) and reliability but does not directly support patient autonomy.
Choice D rationale
Providing equal care to all patients is part of the ethical principle of justice, not autonomy.