After teaching a nursing student about mitral valve stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation, the nurse identifies effective learning when the student identifies which common feature of both disorders?

Hemoptysis

High-pitched holosystolic murmur

Hepatomegaly

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:

Hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, is a common feature of both mitral valve stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation. In mitral valve stenosis, the narrowing of the valve leads to increased pressure in the pulmonary veins, which can cause pulmonary congestion and hemoptysis. Similarly, in mitral valve regurgitation, the backflow of blood into the left atrium increases pulmonary pressure, potentially leading to pulmonary edema and hemoptysis. Therefore, hemoptysis is a shared symptom of both conditions.

Choice B Reason:

A high-pitched holosystolic murmur is more commonly associated with mitral valve regurgitation rather than mitral valve stenosis. In mitral valve regurgitation, the murmur is caused by the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole3. Mitral valve stenosis, on the other hand, typically presents with a diastolic murmur due to the turbulent flow of blood through the narrowed valve during diastole. Therefore, a high-pitched holosystolic murmur is not a common feature of both disorders.

Choice C Reason:

Hepatomegaly, or an enlarged liver, can occur in advanced cases of both mitral valve stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation due to right-sided heart failure. However, it is not a primary or common feature of these conditions. Hepatomegaly is more often associated with conditions that directly affect the right side of the heart or cause systemic congestion. Therefore, hepatomegaly is not a common feature of both mitral valve stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Monitoring the QT interval is crucial when administering amiodarone because this drug can prolong the QT interval, increasing the risk of torsades de pointes, a potentially life-threatening type of ventricular tachycardia. Regular monitoring helps in early detection and management of this adverse effect, ensuring patient safety.

Title: Choice B Reason:

Heart rate monitoring is essential as amiodarone can cause bradycardia (slow heart rate). Continuous monitoring allows the nurse to detect any significant changes in heart rate and take appropriate actions, such as adjusting the medication dosage or providing interventions to manage bradycardia.

Title: Choice C Reason:

Respiratory rate monitoring is necessary because amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity, including interstitial pneumonitis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). By keeping track of the respiratory rate, the nurse can identify early signs of respiratory complications and intervene promptly

Title: Choice D Reason:

Heart rhythm monitoring is vital since amiodarone is used to treat arrhythmias. Continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring helps in assessing the effectiveness of the drug in controlling arrhythmias and detecting any new or worsening arrhythmias that may require immediate attention.

Title: Choice E Reason:

Monitoring urine output is important because amiodarone can affect renal function, especially in patients with pre-existing kidney conditions. Keeping track of urine output helps in assessing renal function and ensuring that the drug is not causing nephrotoxicity

A. Monitor for hypernatremia. B. Monitor neuro status. C. Monitor for hyponatremia. D. Monitor urine specific gravity. E. Monitor strict I&O.

Correct Answer is ["A"]

Explanation

Choice A: Monitor for hypernatremia.

Hypernatremia, or high sodium levels in the blood, is a common complication of diabetes insipidus due to excessive water loss and insufficient water intake. Monitoring for hypernatremia involves regular blood tests to check sodium levels. Symptoms of hypernatremia include extreme thirst, confusion, muscle twitching, and seizures. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent severe complications.

Choice B: Monitor neuro status.

Monitoring neurological status is essential in patients with diabetes insipidus because severe hypernatremia can lead to neurological symptoms such as confusion, irritability, seizures, and even coma. Regular assessments of mental status, level of consciousness, and neurological function help in early detection of complications and timely intervention.

Choice C: Monitor for hyponatremia.

While hyponatremia (low sodium levels) is less common in diabetes insipidus, it can occur if there is excessive water intake without adequate sodium replacement. Symptoms include headache, nausea, vomiting, confusion, and seizures. Monitoring sodium levels helps in maintaining a balance and preventing complications.

Choice D: Monitor urine specific gravity.

Urine specific gravity measures the concentration of solutes in the urine. In diabetes insipidus, urine is typically very dilute, with a specific gravity of less than 1.005. Regular monitoring helps in assessing the effectiveness of treatment and the patient’s hydration status. It also aids in differentiating diabetes insipidus from other conditions with similar symptoms.

Choice E: Monitor strict I&O.

Strict monitoring of intake and output (I&O) is crucial in managing diabetes insipidus. This involves accurately measuring all fluids consumed and excreted to ensure proper hydration and electrolyte balance. It helps in identifying trends in fluid loss and guiding appropriate fluid replacement therapy.

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After teaching a nursing student about mitral valve stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation, the nurse identifies effective learning when the student identifies which common feature of both disorders?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse administers amiodarone to a client with ventricular tachycardia. Which monitoring by the nurse is necessary with this drug? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

A nurse suspects a client has diabetes insipidus. What are the priority interventions? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A"]

Explanation

The nurse is taking care of a 60-year-old client with constant bubbling in the water seal chamber. The nurse knows that constant bubbling in the water seal of a chest drainage system indicates which problem?

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?

After teaching a nursing student about mitral valve stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation, the nurse identifies effective learning when the student identifies which common feature of both disorders?

The nurse administers amiodarone to a client with ventricular tachycardia. Which monitoring by the nurse is necessary with this drug? (Select all that apply)

Exhibits You retrieved regular insulin 100 units in 1 ml. How many ml should you administer? Note Enter ONLY the number DO NOT enter the unit(s) of measurement

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A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?