All of the following are risk factors for delirium except ̧
Pain
Medication
Infection
Gender
The Correct Answer is D
A. Pain is a well-known risk factor for delirium. Uncontrolled or severe pain can lead to physiological stress, which may trigger or exacerbate delirium, especially in vulnerable populations such as older adults.
B. Medication is another significant risk factor for delirium. Certain medications, particularly anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, and sedatives, can cause or worsen delirium, especially when taken in high doses or during the process of withdrawal.
C. Infection is a major risk factor for delirium, especially in older adults or critically ill patients. Infections, particularly urinary tract infections or respiratory infections, can lead to inflammation and metabolic disturbances that may precipitate delirium.
D. Gender is not considered a direct risk factor for delirium. While delirium can affect individuals of any gender, there is no strong evidence to suggest that gender alone plays a significant role in the development of delirium. The risk factors for delirium are more closely related to medical conditions, medications, and environmental factors rather than gender.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "I will help you leave this relationship" is not an appropriate response because it assumes the nurse knows what is best for the patient and does not respect her autonomy or immediate choices. The patient has clearly stated she does not want to leave the relationship at this time.
B. "You need to report your husband to the police" is an invasive and potentially coercive statement. While reporting abuse is important, the nurse should provide information and support, not force actions the patient may not be ready to take. Pressuring her could escalate the situation and harm the patient’s trust in healthcare providers.
C. "Let's develop a safety plan for repeated violence" is the most supportive and patient-centered response. It acknowledges the reality of the abuse while offering a non-judgmental, practical approach to help her stay safe. The nurse is giving the patient the option to make informed decisions about her safety, which is empowering.
D. "Here is a list of services that can help you" is helpful, but it lacks the active engagement the patient may need. Developing a personalized safety plan is more immediate and relevant for someone experiencing ongoing abuse.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Agitation is a common symptom of hyperactive delirium. This state often involves excessive restlessness, combativeness, or irritability.
B. Sluggishness is more indicative of hypoactive delirium, where the patient is typically less responsive, lethargic, and withdrawn. It is not characteristic of the hyperactive form of delirium, which involves heightened activity and increased arousal.
C. Hallucination is a typical symptom of hyperactive delirium. Patients may experience visual or auditory hallucinations, which can increase agitation and confusion.
D. Restlessness is another hallmark symptom of hyperactive delirium, often leading to pacing, inability to stay still, and increased anxiety.
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