All of the following are risk factors for delirium except ̧
Pain
Medication
Infection
Gender
The Correct Answer is D
A. Pain is a well-known risk factor for delirium. Uncontrolled or severe pain can lead to physiological stress, which may trigger or exacerbate delirium, especially in vulnerable populations such as older adults.
B. Medication is another significant risk factor for delirium. Certain medications, particularly anticholinergics, benzodiazepines, and sedatives, can cause or worsen delirium, especially when taken in high doses or during the process of withdrawal.
C. Infection is a major risk factor for delirium, especially in older adults or critically ill patients. Infections, particularly urinary tract infections or respiratory infections, can lead to inflammation and metabolic disturbances that may precipitate delirium.
D. Gender is not considered a direct risk factor for delirium. While delirium can affect individuals of any gender, there is no strong evidence to suggest that gender alone plays a significant role in the development of delirium. The risk factors for delirium are more closely related to medical conditions, medications, and environmental factors rather than gender.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Naltrexone is used to help manage alcohol dependence by reducing cravings and the pleasurable effects of alcohol. It blocks opioid receptors in the brain, which can help prevent relapse in people trying to stop drinking.
B. Valium (diazepam) is a benzodiazepine, typically used to treat anxiety, muscle spasms, and alcohol withdrawal symptoms, but it is not specifically used as a medication for alcoholism treatment itself. While it may be used during withdrawal to manage symptoms, it is not a medication for long-term management of alcohol dependence.
C. Antabuse (disulfiram) is used to deter drinking by causing unpleasant reactions (such as nausea and vomiting) if alcohol is consumed. This is a treatment for alcoholism that relies on the patient's compliance to avoid drinking.
D. Campral (acamprosate) is used to help people maintain abstinence from alcohol after they've stopped drinking. It works by restoring the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain that may be disrupted by long-term alcohol use.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Prevent breakdown of acetylcholinesterase by inhibiting the action of acetylcholine is incorrect because the mechanism of Donepezil (Aricept) involves inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, not acetylcholine itself. The goal is to increase the levels of acetylcholine in the brain by preventing its breakdown.
B. Prevent breakdown of acetylcholine by inhibiting the action of acetylcholinesterase is the correct mechanism. Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor. By inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (the enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine), Donepezil increases the amount of acetylcholine available to stimulate receptors in the brain, which helps improve symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.
C. Promote breakdown of acetylcholine by inhibiting the action of acetylcholinesterase is incorrect because Donepezil prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine, not promotes it.
D. Promote breakdown of acetylcholinesterase by inhibiting the action of acetylcholine is also incorrect. The purpose of Donepezil is to prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine, not to break down acetylcholinesterase itself.
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