An acute pancreatitis patient who complains of muscle cramping. The nurse explains to the patient that is the typical sign and symptom of? Select best answer.
Dehydration
Hypermagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Dehydration can cause muscle cramping, but it is not the most specific indicator of acute pancreatitis. The focus in this condition is more on electrolyte imbalances and systemic effects.
Choice B reason: Hypermagnesemia, or elevated magnesium levels, can lead to muscle weakness rather than cramping. It is not a common symptom of acute pancreatitis.
Choice C reason: Hypocalcemia, or low calcium levels, is a typical sign of acute pancreatitis and can cause muscle cramping and spasms. The inflammation of the pancreas can lead to the sequestration of calcium in fatty areas, resulting in low serum calcium levels.
Choice D reason: Hyperkalemia, or elevated potassium levels, can cause muscle weakness and cardiac issues but is not specifically associated with muscle cramping in acute pancreatitis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, so it is more likely to cause elevated potassium levels rather than decreased levels.
Choice B reason: Chloride levels are not typically affected in a predictable pattern with the use of spironolactone or in liver failure with ascites.
Choice C reason: Phosphate levels are not commonly altered by spironolactone or in ascites, and any changes would depend on other metabolic factors.
Choice D reason: Spironolactone can lead to decreased sodium levels due to its action as a diuretic that promotes sodium excretion while retaining potassium. This is particularly relevant in clients with liver failure and ascites, where fluid and electrolyte management is crucial.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Increasing the intake of raw vegetables is not typically recommended immediately after colostomy surgery due to the potential for causing gas and irritation in the bowel. A more balanced diet should be gradually introduced.
Choice B reason: It is common to experience a small amount of bleeding around the stoma initially as it heals. This is normal and should subside as the healing process continues.
Choice C reason: Fecal output usually begins within 2-4 days after surgery, not necessarily within 24 hours. The bowel needs time to adjust and start functioning properly after the operation.
Choice D reason: The stoma should be pink to red and moist, indicating healthy tissue. A purplish color may indicate compromised blood flow and requires immediate medical attention.
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