An adult client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks a nurse to explain how he developed the condition. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

Your body will continue producing too much insulin without medicine to counteract it.

Your body doesn’t process glucose well.

Your body’s hemoglobin is not binding to the sugar you consume.

Your body’s immune system has destroyed cells in your pancreas.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, not the overproduction of insulin. Over time, the pancreas may produce less insulin, but the primary issue is the body’s inability to use insulin effectively.

Choice B rationale
Type 2 diabetes involves the body’s inability to process glucose properly due to insulin resistance. This leads to elevated blood glucose levels and various complications if not managed effectively.
Choice C rationale
Hemoglobin binding to sugar is related to the measurement of HbA1c, which reflects average blood glucose levels over time. It is not a cause of type 2 diabetes.
Choice D rationale
The destruction of pancreatic cells is a characteristic of type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune condition. Type 2 diabetes is primarily due to insulin resistance and is not caused by an autoimmune response.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Potassium iodide is used to treat hyperthyroidism and protect the thyroid gland from radiation, but it does not help lower serum potassium levels.
Choice B rationale
Lactulose is a laxative used to treat constipation and hepatic encephalopathy, but it does not affect serum potassium levels.
Choice C rationale
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is used to treat hyperkalemia by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestines, thereby lowering serum potassium levels.
Choice D rationale
Acetylcysteine is used as a mucolytic agent and to treat acetaminophen overdose, but it does not have any effect on serum potassium levels.

A. Discard regular insulin if it appears cloudy. B. Draw up the NPH insulin into the syringe first. C. Shake the NPH insulin until it is well-mixed. D. Inject air into the regular insulin first.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Regular insulin should be clear. If it appears cloudy, it may be contaminated or expired, and should be discarded. This is a correct instruction for self-administering regular insulin and NPH insulin from the same syringe.
Choice B rationale
When mixing insulins, regular insulin should be drawn up first, followed by NPH insulin. Drawing up NPH insulin first can lead to contamination of the regular insulin with the cloudy NPH insulin.
Choice C rationale
NPH insulin should be gently rolled or inverted to mix, not shaken. Shaking can cause bubbles, which can lead to inaccurate dosing.
Choice D rationale

Air should be injected into the NPH insulin vial first, not the regular insulin vial. This helps prevent contamination and ensures accurate dosing.

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An adult client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks a nurse to explain how he developed the condition. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is phoning a provider to report a client’s serum potassium of 6.2 mEq/L. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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