An incapacitated older adult with dementia is brought to the emergency department by a rescue squad after falling and breaking an arm. When the patients children arrive, they are adamantly against the patient having any medical care and insist that prayer will heal the broken arm. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Check facility policies and contact the hospital social worker

Allow the family to pray with the patient then escort them to the waiting room

Call the police who can force the family to accept medical care

Call security to keep the family from interfering with medical care

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   When faced with a situation where a patient's family refuses medical care, it is important to follow the facility's policies and procedures. In many cases, the hospital social worker can be a valuable resource in helping to resolve such situations. The social worker can provide support to the family, help them understand the importance of medical care, and advocate for the patient's best interests.
B.   While it is important to respect the family's cultural and religious beliefs, it is also important to ensure that the patient receives the necessary medical care. Allowing the family to pray with the patient is appropriate, but the patient should still receive medical attention for their broken arm.
C.   This is not a appropriate course of action. While the patient has a right to receive medical care, it is important to approach the situation with respect and compassion, and to try to work with the family to find a solution that is in the best interests of the patient.
D.   This could escalate the situation and make it more difficult to resolve. It is important to approach the situation with empathy and understanding, and to try to work with the family to find a solution that is acceptable to all parties.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This activity involves assessing individuals for high blood pressure, which is a common risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Blood pressure screening is a classic example of secondary prevention because it aims to detect hypertension early so that it can be managed before complications, such as heart disease or stroke, develop. This activity is appropriate for secondary prevention as it helps identify those with undiagnosed hypertension and provides an opportunity for early intervention.
B. Fitting glasses addresses a specific need related to vision but does not primarily focus on early detection or intervention for diseases. It falls more under the category of tertiary prevention, which aims to manage existing conditions and prevent further complications or disabilities. While improving vision is beneficial, this activity does not primarily fit the secondary prevention model of detecting disease early in asymptomatic individuals.
C. This activity is an example of primary prevention, not secondary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent diseases before they occur, such as through vaccination to prevent influenza. Although flu vaccines are important for public health, they do not fit the secondary prevention model, which is concerned with early detection and intervention for existing or developing health issues.
D. This activity is also an example of primary prevention. Teaching about sun exposure risks aims to prevent skin cancer by promoting behaviors that reduce the risk of developing the disease. It focuses on educating people to avoid sunburns and protect their skin to prevent skin cancer from developing in the first place. Thus, it does not fit the secondary prevention model.

A. Easy bleeding B. Shortness of breath C. Forgetfulness D. Daytime sleepiness E. Unsteady gait

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Easy bleeding is not a common side effect or concern associated with benzodiazepines. This symptom is more typically associated with anticoagulant medications or conditions affecting blood clotting. While it’s essential to monitor for side effects, easy bleeding is not directly related to benzodiazepine use.
B. Shortness of breath is not a typical side effect of benzodiazepines. However, it is important to monitor respiratory function in patients on any medication, especially if there are signs of respiratory distress or if the patient is on other medications that might interact with benzodiazepines. A
C. Benzodiazepines are known to cause cognitive impairments, including forgetfulness. This is particularly concerning in older adults, who may be more vulnerable to cognitive side effects. Memory issues and confusion can impact daily functioning and increase the risk of accidents and falls.
D. Daytime sleepiness is a common side effect of benzodiazepines due to their sedative properties. This side effect can significantly affect daily activities and increase the risk of falls and accidents. It’s essential to monitor patients for excessive drowsiness, as it can impact their safety and overall quality of life.
E. Benzodiazepines can cause motor impairment, including unsteady gait and increased risk of falls. This is particularly problematic in older adults who may already have decreased balance and coordination. Monitoring for unsteady gait is crucial to prevent falls and other injuries related to impaired mobility.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse wishes to participate in a community secondary prevention activity. Which activity does the nurse choose?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A 69-year-old was prescribed a benzodiazepine 3 years ago. This medication regimen increases the patients risk for injury related to drug abuse and requires frequent patient assessment for which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

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