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An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to a(n)

A.

decrease in the concentration of the blood plasma

B.

decrease in the production of ADH

C.

increase in the production of aldosterone

D.

increase in the production of ADH

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Decrease in the concentration of the blood plasma: A decrease in plasma concentration (hypoosmolarity) suppresses ADH, leading to less water reabsorption.
B. Decrease in the production of ADH: This would reduce water permeability of the collecting ducts.
C. Increase in the production of aldosterone: Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, not water permeability.
D. Increase in the production of ADH: ADH (vasopressin) increases aquaporin insertion into collecting duct membranes, enhancing water reabsorption and increasing permeability.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Arcuate a. → interlobar a. → afferent arteriole → cortical radiate (interlobular) a.: This is an incorrect sequence-interlobar arteries come before arcuate arteries.
B. Interlobar a. → cortical radiate (interlobular) a. → segmental a. → arcuate a.: Segmental arteries are more proximal, immediately after the renal artery.
C. Segmental a. → interlobar a. → arcuate a. → cortical radiate (interlobular) a.: This is the correct anatomical order of arterial blood flow: Renal a. → Segmental a. → Interlobar a. → Arcuate a. → Cortical radiate (interlobular) a. → Afferent arteriole
D. Afferent arteriole → cortical radiate (interlobular) a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a.: This is a reversed and incorrect sequence.
E. Segmental a. → arcuate a. → interlobar a. → cortical radiate (interlobular) a.: Arcuate arteries arise after interlobar arteries, not before.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) will decrease: Low MAP leads to reduced renal perfusion, and until compensatory mechanisms restore pressure, GFR will drop.
B. Net filtration pressure (NFP) will decrease: Low systemic pressure leads to low glomerular hydrostatic pressure, resulting in lower NFP.
C. Blood plasma and extracellular fluids volume will increase: The RAAS pathway, triggered by renin, leads to aldosterone and ADH release, promoting sodium and water retention, thereby increasing fluid volume.
D. Kidney perfusion will increase: Perfusion decreases when MAP is below 80 mmHg, and renin is released because of reduced perfusion, not increased.

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