Select the correct statement about the ureters.
The ureter is innervated by parasympathetic nerve endings only.
Ureters contain sphincters at the entrance to the bladder to prevent the backflow of urine.
The epithelium is stratified squamous like the skin, which allows a great deal of stretch.
The ureters are capable of peristalsis like that of the gastrointestinal tract.
The Correct Answer is D
A. The ureter is innervated by parasympathetic nerve endings only: The ureters are innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers.
B. Ureters contain sphincters at the entrance to the bladder to prevent the backflow of urine: There are no anatomical sphincters; backflow is prevented by the angle of ureter entry into the bladder wall and valve-like flaps.
C. The epithelium is stratified squamous like the skin, which allows a great deal of stretch: The ureters are lined with transitional epithelium, which allows stretching, not stratified squamous.
D. The ureters are capable of peristalsis like that of the gastrointestinal tract: Ureters have smooth muscle that contracts rhythmically to move urine via peristalsis from the kidneys to the bladder.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Involves hypothalamic osmoreceptor detection of ion concentration: Osmoreceptors detect osmolarity (solute concentration), not specifically sodium regulation.
B. Is due to specific sodium receptors in the hypothalamus: There are no specific sodium receptors; sodium regulation is largely hormonal.
C. Is linked to blood pressure: Sodium levels affect blood volume and pressure through water retention. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) helps regulate both sodium and blood pressure.
D. Involves aldosterone, a hormone that increases sodium excretion in the kidneys: Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, not excretion.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. The gastrocolic reflex: Triggered by food entering the stomach, it stimulates mass movement in the colon.
B. The duodenocolic reflex: Triggered by chyme entering the duodenum, this reflex stimulates colon contractions.
C. Chyme filling the duodenum: This activates the duodenocolic reflex, promoting mass movement.
D. Chyme filling the stomach: This activates the gastrocolic reflex.
E. The colorectal reflex: This reflex is involved in the defecation process-it responds to rectal filling, not in initiating mass movement in the colon. It is not a trigger for mass movement.
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