An infant with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is having a hypercyanotic episode. Which nursing interventions should the nurse implement? (Select All that Apply.)
Place the child in knee-chest position.
Administer oxygen.
Administer albuterol as ordered.
Administer morphine sulfate intravenously as ordered.
Draw blood for a serum hemoglobin.
Correct Answer : A,B,D
A. The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance and helps relieve the hypercyanotic episode.
B. Administering oxygen can help improve oxygen saturation and alleviate the cyanosis during a hypercyanotic episode.
C. Albuterol is typically not used for hypercyanotic episodes; it's more useful for bronchodilation in asthma.
D. Morphine sulfate may be used to decrease the respiratory effort and calm the infant during a hypercyanotic episode.
E. Drawing blood for a serum hemoglobin is not an immediate intervention for a hypercyanotic episode. The focus should be on managing the episode itself.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Honey should be avoided in infants under 1 year due to the risk of botulism, but tomatoes and spinach are typically safe.
B. Squash and pork are not common allergens, and tomatoes are usually introduced around 6 months.
C. Strawberries, eggs, and wheat are common allergens and should be introduced cautiously after the first year of life to avoid the risk of an allergic reaction.
D. Carrots and beets are not typically delayed due to allergies, but peanut butter may need to be introduced cautiously.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Suctioning should be avoided as it can cause trauma to the surgical site.
B. The infant should be fed with a soft, small spoon or syringe to prevent pressure on the surgical site; feeding with a spoon is generally not recommended for the first 48 hours.
C. The infant should be kept in an upright or semi-upright position to minimize risk of aspiration and promote healing after cleft palate surgery.
D. Elbow restraints should be applied to prevent the infant from touching the surgical site and causing trauma, and they should be removed every hour for assessment.
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