An older adult who is a non-Hispanic Caucasian has a fasting blood sugar level above 130 mg/dL. Which client assessment does the nurse use to confirm a high risk for diabetes mellitus in the client?

120/80 mm Hg

Total cholesterol 198 mg/dL

Palpable peripheral pulses

68 years of age

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because 120/80 mm Hg is a normal blood pressure, not a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus. High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, as it can damage the blood vessels and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, having a normal blood pressure does not rule out the possibility of having diabetes mellitus, as other factors, such as blood sugar level, family history, or lifestyle, can also influence the risk.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect because total cholesterol 198 mg/dL is a borderline high cholesterol level, not a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus. High cholesterol, or hyperlipidemia, is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, as it can affect the metabolism of fats and increase the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. However, having a borderline high cholesterol level does not confirm the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, as other factors, such as blood sugar level, family history, or lifestyle, can also influence the risk.

Choice C reason: This is incorrect because palpable peripheral pulses are a normal finding, not a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus. Peripheral pulses are the pulsations of the arteries that can be felt in the extremities, such as the wrists or ankles. Palpable peripheral pulses indicate that the blood flow to the extremities is adequate and not compromised by diabetes mellitus. However, having palpable peripheral pulses does not rule out the possibility of having diabetes mellitus, as other factors, such as blood sugar level, family history, or lifestyle, can also influence the risk.

Choice D reason: This is correct because 68 years of age is a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus. Age is one of the non-modifiable risk factors for diabetes mellitus, as the risk increases with advancing age. This is because aging can affect the insulin production and sensitivity, as well as the body composition and function. Older adults are more likely to have diabetes mellitus than younger adults, especially if they have other risk factors, such as obesity, family history, or sedentary lifestyle. Therefore, 68 years of age is a high risk factor for diabetes mellitus.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Sudden onset of symptoms is a sign of hyperthyroidism, as it indicates a rapid increase in thyroid hormone levels that can cause a thyroid storm, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Symptoms of a thyroid storm may include fever, agitation, confusion, sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and chest pain.

Choice B reason: Atrial fibrillation is a sign of hyperthyroidism, as it indicates an irregular and fast heartbeat that can result from the excess stimulation of the heart by thyroid hormones. Atrial fibrillation can increase the risk of blood clots, stroke, and heart failure.

Choice C reason: Cold intolerance is not a sign of hyperthyroidism, but rather a sign of hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too little thyroid hormone. Cold intolerance means feeling cold even in warm environments, due to the reduced metabolic rate and heat production.

Choice D reason: Constipation is not a sign of hyperthyroidism, but rather a sign of hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too little thyroid hormone. Constipation means having difficulty passing stools, due to the slowed intestinal motility and digestion.

Choice E reason: Heart failure is not a sign of hyperthyroidism, but rather a complication of hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone. Heart failure means the inability of the heart to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, due to the increased workload and damage to the heart muscle.

A. Difficulty starting or stopping the urinary stream B. The character of the urine C. Ability to reach a toilet and use it D. Whether she had a bowel movement at the same time E. The amount and timing of fluid intake and urine output

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

It is important for the client to document any difficulty starting or stopping the urinary stream as this can indicate potential issues with bladder function or muscle control.

Choice B reason:

Documenting the character of the urine, such as color and odor, can provide valuable insights into potential underlying health issues, such as dehydration or urinary tract infections.

Choice C reason:

The ability to reach a toilet and use it is crucial information as it helps in understanding the client's mobility and accessibility to restroom facilities, which can impact her urinary patterns.

Choice D reason:

Although not listed, it's essential to note that having a bowel movement at the same time can also provide insights into potential underlying issues and patterns related to urinary incontinence.

Choice E reason:

The amount and timing of fluid intake and urine output are imperative to track as they can reveal patterns and potential triggers for urinary incontinence, aiding in the development of an effective management plan.

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An older adult who is a non-Hispanic Caucasian has a fasting blood sugar level above 130 mg/dL. Which client assessment does the nurse use to confirm a high risk for diabetes mellitus in the client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which signs and symptoms indicate hyperthyroidism? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Your second older adult female client has been experiencing some problems with urinary incontinence. You suggest that she document which of the following in a “bladder/voiding diary”? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

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