The older adult who is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a sensory impairment and unstable blood sugar levels. Which of the following alterations in sensory function does the nurse address in the plan of care for stabilizing the blood sugar?
Awakens with periodic left-foot numbness
Enjoys spicy food more than bland food
Has difficulty hearing conversations in crowded rooms
Requires reading glasses at 2.0 strength
None of the above
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Awakens with periodic left-foot numbness is an alteration in sensory function that the nurse should address in the plan of care for stabilizing the blood sugar, as it may indicate peripheral neuropathy, which is a common complication of diabetes. Peripheral neuropathy is a nerve damage that affects the feet and legs, causing numbness, tingling, pain, or weakness. Peripheral neuropathy can increase the risk of foot ulcers, infections, and amputations. The nurse should educate the older adult about the importance of regular foot care, blood sugar control, and medication adherence.
Choice B reason: Enjoys spicy food more than bland food is not an alteration in sensory function that the nurse should address in the plan of care for stabilizing the blood sugar, as it is a personal preference that does not affect the blood glucose levels. However, the nurse should advise the older adult to limit the intake of salt, fat, and sugar, and to follow a balanced and nutritious diet that meets their needs and preferences.
Choice C reason: Has difficulty hearing conversations in crowded rooms is not an alteration in sensory function that the nurse should address in the plan of care for stabilizing the blood sugar, as it is a common age-related change that does not affect the blood glucose levels. However, the nurse should assess the older adult's hearing ability and provide appropriate aids and strategies to enhance their communication and socialization.
Choice D reason: Requires reading glasses at 2.0 strength is not an alteration in sensory function that the nurse should address in the plan of care for stabilizing the blood sugar, as it is a common age-related change that does not affect the blood glucose levels. However, the nurse should assess the older adult's vision and provide appropriate aids and strategies to improve their safety and quality of life.
Choice E reason: None of the above is not the correct answer, as there is one choice that is an alteration in sensory function that the nurse should address in the plan of care for stabilizing the blood sugar.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Health equity is not the definition of health disparity, but rather the opposite of it. Health equity is the state of fair and equal opportunity for everyone to achieve optimal health, regardless of social or economic factors.
Choice B reason: The difference between an expected incidence and prevalence and that which actually occurs in a comparison population group is not the definition of health disparity, but rather a way of measuring it. Incidence and prevalence are epidemiological terms that refer to the number of new and existing cases of a disease or condition in a population, respectively.
Choice C reason: The systematic elimination of the culture of another resulting in decreased wellness is not the definition of health disparity, but rather an example of cultural genocide. Cultural genocide is the deliberate destruction of the identity, heritage, or traditions of a group of people.
Choice D reason: Differences in health outcomes between groups is the definition of health disparity, as it describes the situation where some groups of people experience worse health status or quality of life than others, due to factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, income, education, or geography.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: A detached retina is a serious condition that occurs when the retina, the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye, separates from its underlying support tissue. It can cause vision loss or blindness if not treated promptly. However, it does not usually cause intense headaches or bloodshot eyes, but rather flashes of light, floaters, or a curtain-like shadow over the visual field.
Choice B reason: Macular degeneration is a common eye disorder that affects the macula, the central part of the retina that is responsible for sharp and detailed vision. It can cause blurred or distorted vision, especially in the center of the visual field. However, it does not usually cause intense headaches or bloodshot eyes, but rather difficulty reading, recognizing faces, or seeing colors.
Choice C reason: Cataracts are cloudy areas in the lens of the eye that can impair vision. They are usually related to aging, but can also be caused by other factors such as diabetes, trauma, or radiation. They can cause blurred or dim vision, sensitivity to light, or halos around lights. However, they do not usually cause intense headaches or bloodshot eyes, but rather gradual and painless vision loss.
Choice D reason: Angle-closure glaucoma is a type of glaucoma that occurs when the drainage angle of the eye becomes blocked, causing a sudden increase in the pressure inside the eye. It can damage the optic nerve and lead to permanent vision loss if not treated immediately. It can cause intense headaches, bloodshot eyes, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, or seeing rainbow-colored rings around lights. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.
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