An older adult woman who lives alone talks with the clinic nurse about her fears of falling at home. Which interventions should the nurse suggest? Select all that apply.

A. Using a bag valve mask (BVM) to manually ventilate the client would be considered an extraordinary measure, which conflicts with the client's living will stating no extraordinary measures should be taken.
B. While it's essential to ensure that the client's current wishes are respected, the client is likely unable to communicate effectively due to their condition. If the client were able to express their wishes at this stage, it might be important to confirm, but given the client's living will and the established DNR order, the primary focus should be on adhering to these documents.
C. Reporting the client's status to the healthcare provider is important to ensure that the provider is informed about the client’s current condition and can offer guidance or make necessary adjustments in the care plan. However, if the healthcare provider is already aware of the client's living will and DNR order, this step may be secondary to following the existing orders.
D. Administering supplemental oxygen via a nasal cannula is a palliative measure that can provide comfort without being considered an extraordinary measure. It aligns with the goal of providing symptom relief and comfort care rather than resuscitation or life-extending interventions.

A. Morphine is a potent opioid used for pain relief, but it can have side effects, including respiratory depression. While it is important to be aware of and discuss potential side effects, focusing on
respiratory problems might increase the client’s anxiety about using the medication.
B. A PCA pump allows patients to self-administer pain medication within prescribed limits, providing more control over pain management. However, PCA pumps are typically used in hospital settings and may not be practical or appropriate for home hospice care.
C. Providing a schedule for around-the-clock analgesic use is a practical and effective approach to pain management. It ensures that the client receives consistent pain relief and helps prevent the pain from becoming unmanageable.
D. Teaching the family to evaluate the effectiveness of analgesics is important for ongoing pain management. This includes recognizing signs of pain relief and potential side effects. However, this action might be more relevant once pain management is underway and requires follow-up, rather than addressing the immediate concern of managing pain effectively from the start.