Aplastic anemia is a disorder in which the bone marrow cells that develop into mature blood cells become damaged. The damaged bone marrow cells can lead to low numbers of red blood cells, white blood cells, and/or platelets. When the cause of aplastic anemia cannot be diagnosed, the cause is likely which of the following?

Radiation exposure

An autoimmune disorder

Chemotherapy drugs

Toxins

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Radiation exposure: Radiation exposure can cause aplastic anemia, but if the cause is unknown, it is less likely to be due to a specific and identifiable event like radiation exposure.
B.   An autoimmune disorder: When the cause of aplastic anemia cannot be diagnosed, it is often attributed to an autoimmune disorder where the body attacks its own bone marrow cells.
C.   Chemotherapy drugs: Chemotherapy drugs can cause aplastic anemia, but this cause would typically be known based on the patient's medical history.
D.   Toxins: Toxins can cause aplastic anemia, but like chemotherapy drugs and radiation, this cause would generally be identifiable.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Skin color: While changes in skin color can occur in hemochromatosis due to excess iron deposition, it is not the most important parameter to monitor for the effectiveness of deferoxamine.
B. Liver function: Liver function tests can be abnormal in hemochromatosis due to iron overload, but monitoring liver function alone may not adequately assess the effectiveness of deferoxamine in reducing iron levels.
C. Hematocrit: Hematocrit measures the proportion of blood that is made up of red blood cells and may be elevated in hemochromatosis, but it is not the primary parameter to monitor the effectiveness of deferoxamine.
D. Serum iron level: Serum iron level is the most direct indicator of iron overload and the effectiveness of deferoxamine in chelating and removing excess iron from the body.

A. "I will perform BSE the first day of each month." B. "The best day to perform BSE is the first day of the menstrual cycle." C. "The best day to perform BSE is 7 days after the menstrual cycle begins." D. "I will perform BSE every month during ovulation."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Performing breast self-examination (BSE) on the first day of each month provides a consistent schedule for the client to conduct the examination, making it easier to remember and ensuring regularity.
B. The first day of the menstrual cycle may not be the best time to perform BSE for all women, as breast tissue may be more tender or swollen during menstruation.
C. Seven days after the menstrual cycle begins may not be the best time for BSE, as hormonal fluctuations and breast changes may not yet have stabilized.
D. Performing BSE every month during ovulation is not necessary, as ovulation does not directly affect breast tissue changes that need to be monitored.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which patient information is most important for the nurse to monitor when evaluating the effectiveness of deferoxamine (Desferal) for a patient with hemochromatosis?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the frequency of breast self-examination (BSE) with a young adult client. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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