Aplastic anemia is a disorder in which the bone marrow cells that develop into mature blood cells become damaged. The damaged bone marrow cells can lead to low numbers of red blood cells, white blood cells, and/or platelets. When the cause of aplastic anemia cannot be diagnosed, the cause is likely which of the following?

Radiation exposure

An autoimmune disorder

Chemotherapy drugs

Toxins

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Radiation exposure: Radiation exposure can cause aplastic anemia, but if the cause is unknown, it is less likely to be due to a specific and identifiable event like radiation exposure.
B.   An autoimmune disorder: When the cause of aplastic anemia cannot be diagnosed, it is often attributed to an autoimmune disorder where the body attacks its own bone marrow cells.
C.   Chemotherapy drugs: Chemotherapy drugs can cause aplastic anemia, but this cause would typically be known based on the patient's medical history.
D.   Toxins: Toxins can cause aplastic anemia, but like chemotherapy drugs and radiation, this cause would generally be identifiable.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. During cold weather: Weather conditions do not typically affect the manifestations of fibrocystic breast disease.
B. Before menstruation begins: Manifestations of fibrocystic breast disease, such as breast pain and lumpiness, tend to occur or worsen in the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle.
C. After menstruation ends: Manifestations of fibrocystic breast disease are typically most prominent before menstruation rather than after it ends.
D. During hot weather: Weather conditions do not typically affect the manifestations of fibrocystic breast disease.

A. Urine sample has Bence-Jones protein. B. Patient is complaining of severe back pain. C. Serum calcium level is 15 mg/dL. D. Patient reports no stool for 5 days.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Presence of Bence-Jones protein in the urine is indicative of multiple myeloma, but hypercalcemia is a more urgent issue to address.
B. Severe back pain is common in multiple myeloma due to bone involvement, but it is not as immediately life-threatening as hypercalcemia.
C. Elevated serum calcium levels (hypercalcemia) are a common complication of multiple myeloma and can lead to various complications, including kidney damage, altered mental status, and cardiac arrhythmias. Therefore, it is crucial to report significantly elevated serum calcium levels promptly to the health care provider for appropriate management.
D. Patient reports no stool for 5 days may indicate constipation, which is important to address but is not as urgent as hypercalcemia in the context of multiple myeloma.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a middle adult female client who has fibrocystic breast disease. The nurse should emphasize to the client that manifestations of this disease are present at which of the following times?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which information obtained by the nurse assessing a patient admitted with multiple myeloma is most important to report to the health care provider?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

In helping prepare a nursing care plan for a 90-pound, 82-year-old woman with iron-deficiency anemia with a hemoglobin of 8.2, the nurse agrees that the most appropriate nursing diagnosis would be:

A patient is admitted to determine why red blood cells are being quickly destructed in the body. What finding should the nurse associate with this patient's health problem?

During a sickle cell crisis, which of the following symptoms is most commonly experienced by individuals with sickle cell disease?

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing menopausal changes and requests information about the use of herbal therapies to relieve her discomfort. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

The nurse is performing an assessment on a client who asks how she might recognize when she is ovulating. The nurse should explain that which occurs at ovulation?

A nursing student is doing a presentation on human papillomavirus (HPV) for a young adult group aged 18 to 20 years old. What information should the nursing student include in this presentation?

A nurse is caring for a client who has advanced stage prostate cancer. The nurse should expect the provider to prescribe which of the following medications for this client?

A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who is postmenopausal and has risk factors for osteoporosis. The nurse anticipates the client will be prescribed which of the following medications?