Coarctation of the aorta demonstrates few symptoms in newborns. What is a important assessment to the nurse make on all newborns to help reveal this condition?
Recording an upper extremities,
Assessing for the presence of femoral pulses
Observing for excessive crying
Auscultating for a cardiac murmur
The Correct Answer is A
A. Recording an upper extremity blood pressure (in the arms) compared to a lower extremity blood pressure (in the legs) can help reveal coarctation of the aorta, as the condition often results in higher blood pressure in the upper body and lower pressure in the lower body.
B. Assessing for femoral pulses is important but may not reveal coarctation of the aorta unless there is significant obstruction.
C. Excessive crying is not a specific indicator of coarctation of the aorta.
D. While a cardiac murmur can be associated with various heart conditions, it is not the most definitive assessment for coarctation of the aorta.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The Doll's eye reflex is expected to be negative in older infants. It is present in newborns but should be absent by 2 months of age.
B. The Crawl reflex, which involves the infant moving forward when placed on their stomach, should disappear by 6-8 months. A negative reflex at 9 months is expected.
C. The Babinski reflex, where the toes fan out when the sole of the foot is stroked, is normal in infants up to 12-18 months.
D. The Moro reflex, or startle reflex, should disappear by 4-6 months of age. A positive Moro reflex at 9 months indicates a delay in neurological development and requires further evaluation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A weight loss of 10% or more in infants within a short period is indicative of severe dehydration. The significant weight loss from 5 kg to 4.3 kg confirms this diagnosis.
B. The risk for fluid volume deficit would be noted if there were signs of potential dehydration, but in this case, the infant has already lost a significant amount of weight, confirming severe dehydration.
C. Failure to thrive is a diagnosis related to insufficient weight gain over time, rather than acute weight loss due to dehydration.
D. Malabsorption syndrome could contribute to chronic weight loss, but the acute loss in this case is more likely due to dehydration from diarrhea.
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