During a cardiac assessment of a client you observed jugular vein distension, and auscultated $3 gallop heart sound. These findings most likely suggest which of the following conditions?

Peripheral vascular disease

Fluid and electrolyte disturbances

Heart failure

Atrial-septal defect

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Peripheral vascular disease involves issues with blood flow to the extremities but does not typically present with jugular vein distension or a gallop heart sound.
B.   Fluid and electrolyte disturbances may affect heart rhythm and fluid balance but are less likely to present with these specific findings.
C.   Heart failure is the most likely cause, as jugular vein distension and a third heart sound (S3 gallop) are common signs of heart failure, particularly when the heart cannot effectively pump blood.
D.   Atrial-septal defect may cause heart murmurs or irregular rhythms but is not typically associated with jugular vein distension or an S3 gallop.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Improper positioning does not apply in this case; the position described is often associated with respiratory distress.
B. Fatigue or weakness may be present, but the described position is more indicative of difficulty breathing.
C. Respiratory distress is suggested by the patient leaning forward, which is a common position for patients with shortness of breath as it helps expand the lungs and ease breathing.
D. Increased comfort and relaxation is unlikely; this position is more often associated with discomfort and difficulty breathing.

A. Ulcer B. Erosion C. Nodule D. Cyst

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Ulcer refers to a wound with a loss of epidermis and dermis, often irregular and deeper, potentially bleeding.
B. Erosion involves a shallow loss of the epidermis only, not extending into the dermis.
C. Nodule is a solid, raised lesion that is typically firm and not ulcerated.
D. Cyst is a sac-like structure containing fluid or semi-solid material, not a wound with loss of tissue.

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During a cardiac assessment of a client you observed jugular vein distension, and auscultated $3 gallop heart sound. These findings most likely suggest which of the following conditions?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Explanation

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