During an abdominal assessment, which of the following findings would be considered abnormal and warrant further investigation? (Select all that apply)

A. To identify areas of tenderness before applying pressure: Palpation, not auscultation, is used to determine tenderness. Listening first does not help identify painful areas, so this does not explain the correct sequence of abdominal assessment.

B. To ensure the patient is relaxed and comfortable: Relaxation and comfort are important throughout the exam, but they are not the reason auscultation precedes palpation. Positioning and communication achieve comfort, not the sequence of techniques.

C. To detect abdominal bruits before they become inaudible: Abdominal bruits can be auscultated at any time and are not affected by palpation. Detecting bruits is important, but it does not explain why auscultation is performed before palpation.

D. To prevent altering bowel sounds by stimulating peristalsis: Palpation and percussion can stimulate bowel activity and change the frequency or intensity of bowel sounds. Therefore, auscultation is done first to obtain accurate baseline data before manipulation of the abdomen.

A. Pour the solution onto the gauze: This is the final step, performed after the solution has been poured into a receptacle to control the amount and maintain sterility of the gauze.

B. Place the bottle cap face-up on a clean surface: After removing the cap, placing it face-up on a clean surface prevents contamination of the inside of the cap and the solution.

C. Perform hand hygiene: Hand hygiene is the first step to reduce the risk of introducing microorganisms and maintain a sterile environment throughout the procedure.

D. Pick up the bottle with the label facing toward the palm: Holding the bottle with the label toward the palm prevents the label from getting wet or smeared, ensuring that the solution’s identity remains visible and accurate.

E. Pour 1 to 2 mL into a receptacle: Pouring a small amount first into a separate receptacle, also called “flushing” the lip of the bottle, removes any contaminants that may be present on the bottle rim, maintaining sterility of the solution applied to the gauze.

F. Remove the bottle cap: Removing the cap is done just before pouring to maintain sterility and prevent exposure of the solution to potential contaminants on the surrounding surfaces.