During discharge education for a patient diagnosed with pediculosis capitis, the nurse instructs the parents on what treatment?
Throw away all stuffed animals.
Change bed linen every 12 hours.
Seal all non-washable items in airtight bags.
Soak all hair items in alcohol.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Throwing away all stuffed animals is an unnecessary and extreme measure. The lice and nits are unlikely to survive for an extended period off the host. Sealing the items in an airtight bag for a specific duration is a more cost-effective and practical method to ensure any lice or nits are suffocated and die, preventing re-infestation.
Choice B rationale
Changing bed linen every 12 hours is not scientifically necessary. Lice and nits can survive for a limited time off the scalp, but not long enough to warrant such frequent changes. Changing and washing bedding and clothing in hot water and drying them on high heat once a day for a few days is sufficient to kill any lice or nits that may have fallen off.
Choice C rationale
Sealing all non-washable items in airtight bags for two weeks is a highly effective method. Lice and nits require a human host for survival, feeding on blood. Without a host, they will die from starvation within one to two weeks. Sealing items suffocates any remaining lice and ensures that any nits that may hatch will also die without a food source.
Choice D rationale
Soaking all hair items in alcohol is not a standard or recommended practice. While alcohol can be a disinfectant, it is not the primary method for treating lice and may damage the items. Combing with a fine-toothed nit comb, washing in hot water, or sealing items are more proven and safer methods for eradicating lice from personal belongings and preventing re-infestation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Rapid breathing games would worsen the child's condition. Rapid breathing, or hyperventilation, can lead to respiratory alkalosis, which is an imbalance in the body's acid-base balance. It can also cause dehydration and further irritate the respiratory tract, increasing the child's discomfort and potentially exacerbating the symptoms of the upper respiratory infection.
Choice B rationale
Enforcing strict bed rest is generally not necessary and can sometimes be detrimental. While rest is important, complete immobility can increase the risk of complications such as pneumonia due to a lack of lung expansion. Moderate activity is often encouraged to prevent pooling of secretions and to maintain normal respiratory function.
Choice C rationale
Limiting fluid intake is contraindicated. Adequate hydration is crucial for a child with an upper respiratory infection. Fluids help to thin respiratory secretions, making them easier to clear from the airways, and prevent dehydration, which can be a significant risk, especially if the child has a fever.
Choice D rationale
Increasing room humidity is a beneficial measure. Humidified air helps to soothe inflamed respiratory passages and moisten secretions, making them less viscous and easier for the child to cough up. This can significantly reduce nasal congestion, cough, and throat irritation, improving the child's ability to breathe comfortably.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
This is a significant underestimation of a 2-3 year old's language skills. While a toddler can follow commands, their expressive language is also developing rapidly. They typically transition from single words to multi-word sentences and have a vocabulary of several hundred words. The lack of speech would be a cause for concern and would require further developmental evaluation.
Choice B rationale
This is the expected language skill level for a 2-3 year old toddler. At this stage, a toddler's vocabulary expands significantly, and they begin to combine words into simple sentences. This two-word stage, often called "telegraphic speech," is a key milestone and indicates the child is beginning to understand and apply grammatical rules.
Choice C rationale
This is an overestimation of a 2-3 year old's language skills. While their vocabulary is growing, their speech is not typically fully clear or understandable to all listeners. They may still mispronounce words or omit certain sounds. Full clarity of speech is usually not achieved until 4 or 5 years of age.
Choice D rationale
This is an overestimation of a 2-3 year old's vocabulary. The typical vocabulary for a 2-year-old is around 50 words, and by age 3, it may increase to around 200-300 words. A vocabulary of 800-900 words is more characteristic of a 4 to 5 year old and is not the expected norm for this age group.
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