Emma, a 32-year-old female diagnosed with an autoimmune disease, is learning about antibodies. Which of the following actions can antibodies perform to neutralize harmful - antigens in Emma's body? Select all that apply.

Inflicting mechanical damage on the antigen

Initiating the complement system

Emitting chemicals that modify the antigen's environment

Targeting the antigen's cellular nucleus

Constructing molecular chains to remove the antigen

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C

A. Antibodies don't typically cause physical damage to antigens.

B.   Antibodies can initiate the complement system, which is a cascade of proteins that can lyse or opsonize antigens.
C.   Antibodies can also emit chemicals that modify the antigen's environment, such as cytokines or histamine, which can attract other immune cells or cause inflammation.
D.   Antibodies typically target specific proteins or structures on the antigen's surface, not the cellular nucleus.
E.   This action doesn't accurately describe the function of antibodies.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. TCR Gene Rearrangement testing is not used to identify bacterial infections.

B. TCR Gene Rearrangement testing is used to detect clonality in lymphoid cells, aiding in the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders such as lymphoma.
C. This testing is not primarily used to evaluate genetic disorders.

D. TCR Gene Rearrangement testing does not measure electrolyte imbalance.

A. Frequently changing the patient's position for comfort. B. Stimulating the patient every hour to assess LOC. C. Keeping the patient in a supine position. D. Elevating the head of the bed 20 to 30 degrees.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While position changes are important, maintaining proper head positioning is crucial for managing increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
B. While assessing the patient's level of consciousness is important, excessive stimulation can increase ICP.
C. Keeping the patient flat can exacerbate increased ICP, and elevation of the head is preferred.
D. Elevating the head of the bed helps promote venous drainage from the brain and can reduce ICP.

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Emma, a 32-year-old female diagnosed with an autoimmune disease, is learning about antibodies. Which of the following actions can antibodies perform to neutralize harmful - antigens in Emma's body? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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