Emma, a 32-year-old female diagnosed with an autoimmune disease, is learning about antibodies. Which of the following actions can antibodies perform to neutralize harmful - antigens in Emma's body? Select all that apply.

Inflicting mechanical damage on the antigen

Initiating the complement system

Emitting chemicals that modify the antigen's environment

Targeting the antigen's cellular nucleus

Constructing molecular chains to remove the antigen

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C

A. Antibodies don't typically cause physical damage to antigens.

B.   Antibodies can initiate the complement system, which is a cascade of proteins that can lyse or opsonize antigens.
C.   Antibodies can also emit chemicals that modify the antigen's environment, such as cytokines or histamine, which can attract other immune cells or cause inflammation.
D.   Antibodies typically target specific proteins or structures on the antigen's surface, not the cellular nucleus.
E.   This action doesn't accurately describe the function of antibodies.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While antiepileptic drugs are sometimes used to manage neuropathic pain, the priority in George's case is preventing complications related to diabetic neuropathy.
B. Dialysis is not indicated for neuropathy management.

C. While managing blood glucose levels is important in diabetes management, immediate insulin administration may not be necessary unless George is experiencing hyperglycemic crisis.
D. This is the priority intervention to prevent complications such as diabetic foot ulcers and infections.

A. Steroid creams B. Taking antihistamines C. Drinking water D. Eating food

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. Steroid creams can suppress the immune response and alter the results of patch testing, so it's important for Sarah to avoid using them before undergoing the test.

B. Antihistamines can interfere with skin reactions and affect the accuracy of patch test results, so Sarah should avoid taking them before the test.
C. Drinking water does not interfere with patch testing, and Sarah should stay hydrated before the procedure.
D. Eating food does not interfere with patch testing, and Sarah can eat normally before the procedure.

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Emma, a 32-year-old female diagnosed with an autoimmune disease, is learning about antibodies. Which of the following actions can antibodies perform to neutralize harmful - antigens in Emma's body? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

George, 65, has a 10-year history of diabetes mellitus. He complains of tingling sensations and numbness in his feet. His HbA1c is 9%, and a monofilament test reveals a loss of sensation. Which of the following interventions should be prioritized?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Sarah, 20, has a history of atopic dermatitis and complains of worsening skin irritation. The physician orders a patch test. What should Sarah avoid before undergoing patch testing?

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

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