Exhibits
Click to highlight the instructions the nurse should reinforce to the client. Prescribed
Medication Albuterol
Nursing Instructions
"Take your albuterol when you are having difficulty breathing."
"Hold your breath for 20 seconds when taking your albuterol."
Salmeterol
"Take the salmeterol 5 minutes before the albuterol when you need both medications."
“Take the salmeterol 2 times each day."
Fluticasone
"Rinse out your mouth after taking the fluticasone."
Take the fluticasone as needed for an asthma attack."
Take your albuterol when you are having difficulty breathing."
Take the salmeterol 2 times each day."
Rinse out your mouth after taking the fluticasone
The Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Albuterol belongs to a class of medications known as beta-adrenergic agonists, specifically beta-2 selective agonists. When inhaled, albuterol binds to beta-2 adrenergic receptors located on the smooth muscle cells lining the airways in the lungs. Activation of these receptors leads to relaxation of the smooth muscles surrounding the bronchial tubes, causing them to widen (bronchodilation). By dilating the airways, albuterol helps to reduce airway resistance and increase airflow into and out of the lungs, making it easier to breathe during an asthma attack.
One should hold breath for 5 to 10 seconds after inhalation of the puff.
Salmeterol is a long-acting beta-adrenergic agonist (LABA) bronchodilator commonly used for the maintenance treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Salmeterol is usually prescribed for twice-daily dosing.
One should wait for 2 minutes between two puffs.
Fluticasone is a corticosteroid medication that is inhaled into the lungs to reduce inflammation in the airways. If these particles remain in the mouth, they can increase the risk of developing oral thrush, which is a fungal infection caused by Candida albicans. Rinsing the mouth with water after using the inhaler helps to remove any residual medication particles, reducing the risk of oral thrush.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B. Allopurinol is primarily prescribed to lower uric acid levels in the blood. It achieves this by inhibiting the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which is involved in the production of uric acid. Lowering uric acid levels helps prevent the formation of uric acid crystals, which can lead to gout attacks or kidney stones.
A. Triglycerides are a type of fat found in the blood. Allopurinol is not directly involved in lowering triglyceride levels. Medications that are typically used to lower triglycerides include statins, fibrates, niacin, and omega-3 fatty acids.
C. Albumin is a protein found in the blood, and its levels can be affected by various factors such as liver or kidney function. Allopurinol is not known to directly influence albumin levels. Therefore, an increase in albumin would not be a laboratory finding indicative of the effectiveness of allopurinol.
D. Potassium levels in the blood can be influenced by medications, diet, kidney function, and other factors. Allopurinol is not typically associated with increasing potassium levels. In fact, certain medications used to treat gout, such as thiazide diuretics, can lead to increased potassium levels.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
D. Drawing the NPH last ensures that it does not contaminate the short acting insulin. The regular insulin should be drawn first.
A. Regular and NPH insulin should not be mixed together in a single syringe prior to administration. Mixing them could alter their action profiles and affect their effectiveness.
B. While injecting air into the vial before withdrawing medication helps prevent negative pressure and facilitates easy withdrawal of the medication, it should be done for each vial individually, not specifically for the regular insulin vial.
C. The medication should be drawn up into the same syringe before administration to the patient.
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