Exhibits here
The nurse places the client on a cardiorespiratory monitor and places the nasal cannula on the client. The nurse then completes an assessment and documents it in the chart.
For each body system, click to specify the assessment findings that indicates hypoxia.
The Correct Answer is []
Cardiovascular
- Capillary refill 4 seconds
- A prolonged capillary refill time indicates poor peripheral perfusion, which can be a sign of hypoxia. Hypoxia can lead to reduced oxygen delivery to the tissues, resulting in delayed capillary refill.
Respiratory
- Oxygen saturation 90% on room air
- An oxygen saturation level of 90% is below the normal range (95-100%) and indicates that the blood is not adequately oxygenated, which is a direct sign of hypoxia.
- Respiratory rate 28 breaths/minute
- An elevated respiratory rate (tachypnea) is a common compensatory mechanism in response to hypoxia. The body attempts to increase oxygen intake and carbon dioxide expulsion by breathing more rapidly.
Neurological
- Anxious
- Anxiety can be a symptom of hypoxia. When the brain and other vital organs do not receive enough oxygen, it can trigger a sense of anxiety and restlessness as part of the body's alarm system.
- Restless
- Restlessness is another common symptom of hypoxia. It occurs because the body is trying to compensate for the lack of oxygen, leading to increased agitation and an inability to remain
calm.
Rationales for the Incorrect Choices:
- Cardiovascular
- Heart rate 101 beats/minute: While an elevated heart rate can be a compensatory response to hypoxia, it alone does not directly indicate hypoxia.
- Blood pressure 145/89 mm Hg: Elevated blood pressure is not a direct indicator of hypoxia and can be influenced by various factors including anxiety and pain.
- Respiratory
- Productive cough: A productive cough suggests respiratory infection or inflammation but does not directly measure oxygenation status or indicate hypoxia.
- Neurological
- Awake and alert: Being awake and alert indicates normal mental status and does not suggest hypoxia. Hypoxia typically affects cognitive function, leading to confusion or decreased level of consciousness in more severe cases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale for A: Redressing the abdominal incision is crucial as the dressing is no longer occlusive, which could lead to infection. An intact dressing also prevents the client from picking at the site, which could cause further harm or delay healing.
Rationale for B: Leaving the lights on might help with visual perception for a client with dementia, but it does not directly address the immediate risk of infection or the client's interference with the dressing.
Rationale for C: Applying restraints could be considered for a client who is at risk of harming themselves, but this should be a last resort after other interventions have been tried due to the potential for physical and psychological harm.
Rationale for D: Replacing the IV site with a smaller gauge is not indicated by the pink insertion site alone and does not address the client's confusion or behavior towards the dressing.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While monitoring erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit is important in clients with ESRD due to the risk of anemia associated with kidney dysfunction, it is not the primary focus of monitoring for ESRD.
B. Clients with ESRD often experience electrolyte imbalances, including hyperkalemia (high potassium), hypocalcemia (low calcium), and hyperphosphatemia (high phosphorus). Monitoring these electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac arrhythmias, bone
disease, and soft tissue calcifications.
C. While blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature are essential vital signs to monitor in all clients, they are not specific laboratory tests for monitoring ESRD. However, blood pressure monitoring is particularly important in ESRD due to the increased risk of hypertension and its associated complications.
D. Monitoring leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine levels is not typically a primary concern in clients with ESRD. Leukocyte and neutrophil levels may be monitored to assess for signs of infection, but they are not specific to ESRD. Thyroxine levels are typically monitored in clients with thyroid disorders, not ESRD.
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