Hemoconcentration of a venous blood sample is most often caused when:
The site is prepped with povidone iodine.
The tourniquet is in place for more than 2 minutes.
The specimen is not refrigerated within 30 minutes.
The needle is removed before the tourniquet.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
Prepping the site with povidone iodine is not typically associated with hemoconcentration. Povidone iodine is used as an antiseptic to clean the skin before venipuncture to prevent infection. While it's important to allow it to dry to avoid sample contamination, it does not cause hemoconcentration.
Choice B Reason:
Leaving the tourniquet in place for more than 2 minutes can lead to hemoconcentration. A tourniquet is applied to engorge the veins, making them easier to puncture. However, prolonged application can result in fluid being forced out of the vein into the tissue, increasing the concentration of cells and larger molecules in the blood. This can affect certain laboratory test results by artificially increasing the levels of cellular components.
Choice C Reason:
Not refrigerating the specimen within 30 minutes does not cause hemoconcentration. However, it can affect the stability of certain analytes in the blood sample. Refrigeration is necessary for preserving the integrity of certain components of the blood until analysis, but it is unrelated to the concentration of cells within the sample at the time of collection.
Choice D Reason:
Removing the needle before the tourniquet is released does not cause hemoconcentration. This action might lead to other complications, such as hematoma formation, but it does not affect the concentration of cellular elements in the collected sample.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Notifying the provider about the error is an important step, but it does not correct the error in the patient's chart. Communication with the provider ensures that they are aware of the mistake and can make informed decisions regarding patient care. However, the physical correction of the documentation is also necessary to maintain accurate medical records.
Choice B Reason:
Asking an administrator to erase the error is not a recommended practice. Erasing or using correction fluid can make the chart appear tampered with, which can have legal implications. It is essential that the original entry remains visible to preserve the integrity of the medical record.
Choice C Reason:
Striking a line through the error and initialing is the correct method for correcting a written error in a patient's chart¹². This approach allows the original entry to remain legible, which is crucial for legal and clinical reasons. It also shows that the correction was made by an authorized individual, as the initials indicate who made the change.
Choice D Reason:
Erasing the error and entering the correct information is not an acceptable practice for the same reasons as choice B. It is important not to remove or conceal the original entry, as this could be considered falsifying medical records.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Povidone-iodine is an antiseptic used for skin disinfection before and after surgery. It has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, but it is not the preferred choice for capillary blood collection due to the potential interference with certain laboratory tests. Povidone-iodine needs to be completely dried to avoid hemolysis of the sample, which can affect test results.
Choice B Reason:
Hand sanitizer is generally used for hand hygiene and not for the disinfection of the site for blood specimen collection. While it is effective in killing germs on the skin, it contains emollients and gelling agents that can contaminate the blood sample and interfere with laboratory tests.
Choice C Reason:
70% isopropyl alcohol is the most commonly used disinfectant for aseptic technique in capillary blood collection. It is effective against a broad range of microorganisms and evaporates quickly, leaving no residue that could contaminate the sample. It is important to allow the alcohol to dry completely before performing the puncture to prevent stinging and sample dilution.
Choice D Reason:
A 10% chlorine bleach solution is not typically used for skin disinfection in blood collection due to its harshness and potential to cause skin irritation and damage. It is more commonly used for disinfecting surfaces and equipment in healthcare settings.
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