How are primary immunodeficiency disorders different from secondary immunodeficiency disorders?
Primary immunodeficiency disorders are acquired later in life, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders are present from birth.
Primary immunodeficiency disorders result from a genetic or inherited defect, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders are caused by external factors, such as infections or medications.
Primary immunodeficiency disorders primarily affect the skin and mucous membranes, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders primarily affect the respiratory system.
Primary immunodeficiency disorders are more common than secondary immunodeficiency disorders.
The Correct Answer is B
Explanation: The correct answer is b. Primary immunodeficiency disorders result from a genetic or inherited defect, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders are caused by external factors, such as infections or medications.
Incorrect choices:
a. Primary immunodeficiency disorders are present from birth and are usually genetic or inherited, while secondary immunodeficiency disorders can be acquired later in life due to external factors.
c. The manifestations and systems affected by primary and secondary immunodeficiency disorders can vary widely and are not limited to specific areas of the body.
d. Secondary immunodeficiency disorders are more common than primary immunodeficiency disorders, as they can be caused by various factors and are often associated with other medical conditions.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is d. Educating the client on proper hand hygiene. Educating the client on proper hand hygiene is essential to reduce the risk of infections in individuals with immunodeficiency disorders. Frequent handwashing is a simple yet effective way to prevent the transmission of infectious agents.
Incorrect choices:
a. Administering live vaccines is contraindicated for clients with immunodeficiency disorders, as live vaccines contain weakened pathogens that can cause serious infections in this population.
b. Encouraging the client to perform strenuous physical activities is not appropriate for someone with immunodeficiency, as strenuous activities can put additional strain on the immune system and increase the risk of infections.
c. Limiting the client's intake of fluids is not a necessary intervention for immunodeficiency disorders. Adequate fluid intake is generally important for overall health, but it is not directly related to managing immunodeficiency disorders.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Explanation: The correct answer is c. Serum immunoglobulin levels. A primary immunodeficiency disorder often results in abnormal levels of immunoglobulins (antibodies) in the blood. Measuring serum immunoglobulin levels can help identify potential deficiencies and guide the diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency disorders.
Incorrect choices:
a. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a test used to detect specific antibodies or antigens in the blood, but it is not specific to diagnosing primary immunodeficiency disorders.
b. A chest X-ray is not a specific test for diagnosing primary immunodeficiency disorders. It is typically used to assess the condition of the lungs and chest organs.
d. A complete blood count (CBC) is a general blood test that may reveal abnormalities in white blood cell count but does not specifically assess immunoglobulin levels.
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