How does the respiratory system compensate for acid-base disturbances?
Preventing the absorption of sodium and potassium
Blocking the arterial walls from absorbing electrolytes
Increasing ventilation to drop the H+ ion level
Regulating the excretion or reabsorption of H+ and HCO3
Correct answer: C
The Correct Answer is C
A. Preventing the absorption of sodium and potassium: This statement is incorrect because the respiratory system does not affect the absorption of sodium and potassium; it primarily influences the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood.
B. Blocking the arterial walls from absorbing electrolytes: The respiratory system does not block electrolyte absorption through arterial walls. This is not a mechanism involved in acid-base balance.
C. Increasing ventilation to drop the H+ ion level: The respiratory system compensates for acidosis by increasing ventilation, which helps to expel more CO2 from the lungs, reducing the concentration of H+ ions and thus decreasing acidity.
D. Regulating the excretion or reabsorption of H+ and HCO3: This is the role of the renal system, not the respiratory system. The kidneys regulate acid-base balance by excreting or reabsorbing H+ and HCO3.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
A. A polypeptide chain of the Hgb structure is deficient. Thalassemia is a genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in one of the polypeptide chains (alpha or beta) that make up hemoglobin (Hgb). This leads to abnormal hemoglobin formation and reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
B. A thrombus forms at an area of inflammation. Thrombus formation is related to blood clotting disorders or vascular injury, not to the pathophysiology of thalassemia.
C. Hgb synthesis is reduced. In thalassemia, the synthesis of hemoglobin is reduced due to the defective production of one of its chains, leading to anemia and other complications.
D. A region of arterial wall bulges: This describes an aneurysm, which is unrelated to thalassemia.
E. A high shearing force acts on arterial walls: This is associated with conditions like hypertension or atherosclerosis, not thalassemia.
F. Ventricular contractile function decreases: This is related to heart failure or cardiomyopathy and is not a feature of thalassemia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Epispadias: This is a condition where the urethral opening is on the top side of the penis.
B. Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the urethral opening is located on the underside of the penis, rather than at the tip.
C. Azoospermia: This refers to a lack of sperm in the semen and is not related to the location of the urethral orifice.
D. Paraphimosis: This is a condition where the foreskin cannot be returned to its normal position, unrelated to the urethral orifice location.
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