How does the respiratory system compensate for acid-base disturbances?
Preventing the absorption of sodium and potassium
Blocking the arterial walls from absorbing electrolytes
Increasing ventilation to drop the H+ ion level
Regulating the excretion or reabsorption of H+ and HCO3
Correct answer: C
The Correct Answer is C
A. Preventing the absorption of sodium and potassium: This statement is incorrect because the respiratory system does not affect the absorption of sodium and potassium; it primarily influences the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood.
B. Blocking the arterial walls from absorbing electrolytes: The respiratory system does not block electrolyte absorption through arterial walls. This is not a mechanism involved in acid-base balance.
C. Increasing ventilation to drop the H+ ion level: The respiratory system compensates for acidosis by increasing ventilation, which helps to expel more CO2 from the lungs, reducing the concentration of H+ ions and thus decreasing acidity.
D. Regulating the excretion or reabsorption of H+ and HCO3: This is the role of the renal system, not the respiratory system. The kidneys regulate acid-base balance by excreting or reabsorbing H+ and HCO3.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Enterobius vermicularis, commonly known as pinworm, causes enterobiasis, not malaria.
B. Plasmodium is the genus of parasites that causes malaria. It is transmitted by the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito.
C. Entamoeba histolytica causes amebiasis, a type of intestinal infection, not malaria.
D. Trichuris trichiura, or whipworm, causes trichuriasis, an intestinal infection, not malaria.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 1% would correspond to a much smaller area, such as the palm of the hand.
B. 18% :According to the rule of nines, the front of the torso (chest and abdomen) accounts for approximately 18% of the total body surface area.
C. 27% would be too large for just the front of the torso and would likely include additional areas, such as one leg or the head.
D. 36% would correspond to the entire torso (front and back) or a combination of other body areas.
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