In caring for a client with a fracture of the femur, the nurse should be alert for compartment syndrome. What symptom is characteristic of this complication?
Tachycardia and petechiae over the chest wall and buccal membranes.
Positive Homan's sign with calf tenderness and warmth.
acute cough, calm, and decreased blood pressure.
Bulging, Tingling or burning sensation, numbness
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale: Tachycardia and petechiae over the chest wall and buccal membranes are signs of fat embolism syndrome, another complication of fractures that occurs when fat globules enter the bloodstream and obstruct pulmonary vessels.
Choice B rationale: Positive Homan's sign with calf tenderness and warmth are signs of deep vein thrombosis, a condition that can occur after prolonged immobilization or surgery.
Choice C rationale: Acute cough, cyanosis, and decreased blood pressure are signs of pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening condition that occurs when a blood clot travels to the lungs and blocks blood flow.
Choice D rationale: These are signs of compartment syndrome, which is a serious complication of fractures that occurs when increased pressure within a closed space compromises blood flow and tissue perfusion. Compartment syndrome can lead to ischemia, necrosis, and nerve damage if not treated promptly.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Symptoms and findings described align more with an acute, severe condition rather than a chronic one.
Choice B rationale: While cholecystitis can present with similar symptoms, the radiation of pain to the back is more indicative of a different condition.
Choice C rationale: Cholelithiasis (gallstones) might cause abdominal pain but typically doesn’t lead to fever and hypotension.
Choice D rationale: Symptoms including severe abdominal pain, radiation to the back, fever, and hypotension suggest acute pancreatitis, a potentially serious condition requiring urgent medical attention.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale: With type 2 diabetes, insulin secretion is decreased, and insulin resistance is increased. This means that the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, and the cells of the body do not respond well to the insulin that is available. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body use glucose (sugar) for energy. Without enough insulin or with insulin resistance, glucose builds up in the blood, leading to high blood sugar levels and various complications.
Choice B rationale: This statement describes Type 1 diabetes, where the immune system destroys insulin-producing cells.
Choice C rationale: This describes type 1 diabetes, not type 2 diabetes. People with type 2 diabetes may or may not need to take insulin, depending on how well they can control their blood sugar levels with diet, exercise, and oral medications.
Choice D rationale: This refers to pancreatitis, which is a condition where the pancreas becomes inflamed due to infection, injury, or alcohol abuse. Pancreatitis can cause
severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and elevated levels of pancreatic enzymes in the blood.
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