In which congenital heart defect would the nurse need to take upper and lower extremity blood pressures?

Aortic stenosis (AS)

Transposition of the Great Vessels (Arteries)

Coarctation of the Aorta (COA)

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Aortic stenosis (AS) typically causes a difference in blood flow across the aortic valve but does not usually require assessment of upper and lower extremity blood pressures.

B. Transposition of the Great Vessels (Arteries) results in cyanosis and abnormal circulatory flow but does not require upper and lower extremity blood pressure monitoring.

C. Coarctation of the Aorta (COA) is characterized by narrowing of the aorta, often resulting in higher blood pressure in the upper extremities compared to the lower extremities. Measuring both helps identify this condition.

D. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) involves right ventricular outflow obstruction, VSD, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy, but upper and lower extremity blood pressures are not typically used for diagnosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The child is showing signs of severe respiratory distress, likely due to epiglottitis. The priority is to keep the child calm to avoid further airway obstruction and to prepare for emergency airway management.

B. While assessing the throat for epiglottitis is important, direct visualization of the throat can cause spasm and worsen airway obstruction.

C. The knee-to-chest position is typically used in cases of respiratory distress in infants (e.g., with RSV), but not in this case.

D. While IV access and fluids may be necessary, the immediate priority is securing the airway.

A. Kawasaki disease B. Tricuspid Atresia C. Tetralogy of Fallot D. Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Kawasaki disease typically presents with fever, rash, and conjunctivitis, not a machine-like murmur or the other cardiovascular findings.

B. Tricuspid Atresia involves a defect in the tricuspid valve and presents with cyanosis and poor circulation, but not a machine-like murmur.

C. Tetralogy of Fallot involves a murmur due to pulmonary stenosis and VSD but would not produce a "machine-like" murmur, which is characteristic of PDA.

D. Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) results in a continuous "machine-like" murmur due to abnormal blood flow between the aorta and pulmonary artery, along with findings of pulmonary congestion and right ventricular hypertrophy.

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In which congenital heart defect would the nurse need to take upper and lower extremity blood pressures?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

While assessing a newborn with respiratory distress, the nurse auscultates a machine-like heart murmur. Other findings are a widened pulse pressure. pulmonary congestion and right ventricular hypertrophy. The nurse suspects that the newborn has:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse employed in an emergency department is monitoring a child diagnosed with epiglottitis. The nurse notes that the child is leaning forward with the neck extended. How would the nurse interpret this finding? -

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