The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with ventricular septal defect (VSD) who is scheduled for a surgical repair tomorrow morning. When the nurse auscultates the child's lungs sounds, the nurse notes diffuse crackles and rales throughout the lung fields. The nurse interprets this assessment as which of the following?

Foreign body aspiration

Systemic congestion

Pneumonia

Pulmonary congestion

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Foreign body aspiration is characterized by sudden onset of coughing, choking, and wheezing, not crackles and rales.

B. Systemic congestion refers to peripheral edema and does not usually present with crackles in the lungs.

C. Pneumonia would present with localized crackles or rales over specific lung areas and often includes fever and cough, which are not mentioned here.

D. Pulmonary congestion is common in children with VSD, particularly when the left side of the heart cannot effectively pump blood, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs. Crackles and rales indicate this type of fluid buildup.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["C","E"]

Explanation

A. This statement is correct. Airway constriction during an asthma attack can be dangerous.

B. Identifying and avoiding asthma triggers is an appropriate strategy for managing asthma.

C. Keeping a pet in the home when allergic to it or exposed to asthma triggers can worsen symptoms. This needs further education about asthma management.

D. Taking albuterol prior to exercise is a recommended strategy to prevent exercise-induced asthma.

E. Calling 911 immediately during an asthma attack is not the first step unless the child is unable to manage it with their prescribed rescue medication (e.g., albuterol). The first action should be to use the rescue inhaler.

A. Kawasaki disease B. Tricuspid Atresia C. Tetralogy of Fallot D. Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Kawasaki disease typically presents with fever, rash, and conjunctivitis, not a machine-like murmur or the other cardiovascular findings.

B. Tricuspid Atresia involves a defect in the tricuspid valve and presents with cyanosis and poor circulation, but not a machine-like murmur.

C. Tetralogy of Fallot involves a murmur due to pulmonary stenosis and VSD but would not produce a "machine-like" murmur, which is characteristic of PDA.

D. Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) results in a continuous "machine-like" murmur due to abnormal blood flow between the aorta and pulmonary artery, along with findings of pulmonary congestion and right ventricular hypertrophy.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing asthma education to a teen that has just been diagnosed with asthma. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate a need for further teaching? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["C","E"]

Explanation

While assessing a newborn with respiratory distress, the nurse auscultates a machine-like heart murmur. Other findings are a widened pulse pressure. pulmonary congestion and right ventricular hypertrophy. The nurse suspects that the newborn has:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

After teaching a class about the hemodynamic characteristics of congenital heart disease, the instructor determines that the teaching has been successful when the class identifies which defect as an example of a disorder involving increased pulmonary blood flow?

The primary health care provider prescribes patching for a child with amblyopia of the right eye, and the nurse instructs the parent regarding this procedure. What would the nurse include in the instructions?

The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with ventricular septal defect (VSD), the nurse is aware that many infants with these conditions also receive a diagnosis of which of the following?

The nurse is providing home care instructions to the parent of a 9-year-old child diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis. Topical antimicrobial therapy is prescribed for the child. Which statement by the parent indicates that the teaching has been effective?

In which congenital heart defect would the nurse need to take upper and lower extremity blood pressures?