The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old client with symptoms of excessive drooling, respiratory distress, difficulty swallowing, and difficulty speaking. Based on these assessment findings, which conditions does the nurse suspect?

Croup

Epiglottitis

Bronchiolitis

Laryngotracheobronchitis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Croup is a viral infection that typically presents with a barking cough and stridor, rather than difficulty swallowing and excessive drooling.

B. Epiglottitis is a life-threatening condition characterized by sudden onset of fever, drooling, difficulty swallowing, and difficulty speaking (dysphonia). It is a medical emergency and often caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B.

C. Bronchiolitis is usually caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and presents with wheezing, cough, and respiratory distress but not typically with drooling or difficulty swallowing.

D. Laryngotracheobronchitis (another name for croup) also presents with a barking cough and stridor but does not cause difficulty swallowing or drooling.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D","E","F"]

Explanation

A. Right ventricular hypertrophy is part of the pathophysiology of TOF, resulting from the increased workload on the right ventricle due to pulmonary stenosis.

B. Left ventricular hypertrophy is not part of TOF; the condition primarily affects the right ventricle.

C. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is not a characteristic of TOF, although it may be present in some cases, it's not part of the primary defects.

D. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a primary defect in TOF, which allows blood to mix between the left and right ventricles.

E. Pulmonary stenosis (PS) is a key feature of TOF, causing right-sided obstruction.

F. Overriding aorta occurs when the aorta is positioned directly over the VSD, receiving blood from both the right and left ventricles.

A. Kawasaki disease B. Tricuspid Atresia C. Tetralogy of Fallot D. Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Kawasaki disease typically presents with fever, rash, and conjunctivitis, not a machine-like murmur or the other cardiovascular findings.

B. Tricuspid Atresia involves a defect in the tricuspid valve and presents with cyanosis and poor circulation, but not a machine-like murmur.

C. Tetralogy of Fallot involves a murmur due to pulmonary stenosis and VSD but would not produce a "machine-like" murmur, which is characteristic of PDA.

D. Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) results in a continuous "machine-like" murmur due to abnormal blood flow between the aorta and pulmonary artery, along with findings of pulmonary congestion and right ventricular hypertrophy.

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The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old client with symptoms of excessive drooling, respiratory distress, difficulty swallowing, and difficulty speaking. Based on these assessment findings, which conditions does the nurse suspect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) involves which defects? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E","F"]

Explanation

While assessing a newborn with respiratory distress, the nurse auscultates a machine-like heart murmur. Other findings are a widened pulse pressure. pulmonary congestion and right ventricular hypertrophy. The nurse suspects that the newborn has:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old client with symptoms of excessive drooling, respiratory distress, difficulty swallowing, and difficulty speaking. Based on these assessment findings, which conditions does the nurse suspect?

A 4-year-old child is diagnosed with otitis media. The parent asks the nurse about the causes of this illness. Which risk factors would the nurse include in response to this parent? Select all that apply.

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The primary health care provider prescribes patching for a child with amblyopia of the right eye, and the nurse instructs the parent regarding this procedure. What would the nurse include in the instructions?

The nurse is assessing a child with epiglottitis. Which of the following would be an expected finding?

The nurse is providing home care instructions to the parent of a 9-year-old child diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis. Topical antimicrobial therapy is prescribed for the child. Which statement by the parent indicates that the teaching has been effective?

The nurse employed in an emergency department is monitoring a child diagnosed with epiglottitis. The nurse notes that the child is leaning forward with the neck extended. How would the nurse interpret this finding? -