A 4-year-old child is diagnosed with otitis media. The parent asks the nurse about the causes of this illness. Which risk factors would the nurse include in response to this parent? Select all that apply.

Household smoking

A history of urinary tract infections

Exposure to illness in daycare centers or schools

Native American ethnicity

Absence of breastfeeding

Craniofacial anomalies

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,E,F

A. Household smoking increases the risk of otitis media by irritating the respiratory tract and impairing immune function.

B. A history of urinary tract infections is not a risk factor for otitis media.

C. Exposure to illness in daycare centers or schools increases the likelihood of respiratory infections, which can lead to otitis media.

D. Native American ethnicity has a higher incidence of otitis media, likely due to genetic and environmental factors.

E. Absence of breastfeeding increases the risk of otitis media because breastfeeding provides immune protection.

F. Craniofacial anomalies (e.g., cleft palate) increase the risk of otitis media due to poor Eustachian tube function and chronic ear infections.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Extreme fatigue is not indicated by this positioning.

B. The child’s forward-leaning position with neck extension is a classic sign of epiglottitis, where the child is attempting to open the airway and facilitate breathing in response to obstruction.

C. Pain may be present, but the positioning is primarily related to an attempt to alleviate airway obstruction.

D. Dehydration would not typically cause this specific positioning.

A. "My child needs to stay home from school for at least 2 weeks to complete the entire prescription of eye drops" B. "My child cannot return to school until free from discharge" C. "My child will need to stay home from school until my child has received the eye medication for at least 24 to 48 hours" D. "My child can return to school immediately because my child is not contagious"

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Staying home for 2 weeks is excessive; typically, 24 to 48 hours of antimicrobial therapy is enough before the child is no longer contagious.

B. While discharge is a sign of infection, the child can often return to school after receiving treatment for 24 to 48 hours.

C. This is correct. Bacterial conjunctivitis is contagious, and children should stay home until they've been on antibiotics for 24 to 48 hours to reduce transmission.

D. This is incorrect; the child should stay home for 24 to 48 hours after starting treatment, as they can still be contagious during that time.

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A 4-year-old child is diagnosed with otitis media. The parent asks the nurse about the causes of this illness. Which risk factors would the nurse include in response to this parent? Select all that apply.

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A 4-year-old child is diagnosed with otitis media. The parent asks the nurse about the causes of this illness. Which risk factors would the nurse include in response to this parent? Select all that apply.