Isky, a 65-year-old female, is admitted to the hospital after experiencing sudden weakness or and numbness on the right side or of her body, along with difficulty speaking. Isky has a medical history that includes hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. This type Which of stroke is Isky most likely experiencing based on the sudden onset of her symptoms?
Hemorrhagic stroke
Ischemic stroke
Transient ischemic attack
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Hemorrhagic stroke often causes headache and severe neurological deficits, not just sudden weakness. Ischemic stroke, from a clot, fits Isky’s sudden focal symptoms, so this is incorrect.
Choice B reason: Ischemic stroke, caused by arterial occlusion, presents with sudden weakness, numbness, and speech issues, as seen in Isky. Her risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking) support this, making it correct.
Choice C reason: Transient ischemic attack resolves quickly, unlike Isky’s ongoing symptoms. Ischemic stroke causes persistent deficits, matching her presentation, so this is incorrect for the stroke type.
Choice D reason: Subarachnoid hemorrhage typically involves severe headache, not focal weakness. Ischemic stroke aligns with Isky’s sudden, unilateral symptoms, so this is incorrect for her condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, where lung regions receive inadequate ventilation or perfusion, is the most common cause of hypoxemia. Conditions like pneumonia or pulmonary embolism disrupt this balance, reducing oxygen exchange, making this the primary cause in clinical settings.
Choice B reason: Hyperventilation with hypocapnia lowers carbon dioxide but does not typically cause hypoxemia, as oxygen levels are usually maintained or increased. It affects acid-base balance more than oxygenation, making this an incorrect primary cause of low oxygen levels.
Choice C reason: Reduced diffusion distance is not a cause but a facilitator of gas exchange. Impaired diffusion (e.g., pulmonary edema) can contribute to hypoxemia, but V/Q mismatch is more prevalent across conditions, making this less common as a primary cause.
Choice D reason: Shunting, where blood bypasses ventilated alveoli, causes hypoxemia but is less common than V/Q mismatch. It occurs in specific conditions like congenital heart defects or ARDS, but V/Q mismatch predominates in most respiratory disorders, making this incorrect.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Latent phase follows seroconversion, not precedes infection. The correct sequence—exposure, infection, seroconversion, AIDS—reflects HIV progression. This option misorders the phases, making it incorrect for AIDS development.
Choice B reason: AIDS progresses through exposure (virus contact), infection (HIV enters body), seroconversion (antibody detection), and AIDS (advanced disease). This sequence accurately describes the disease’s history, making it correct.
Choice C reason: Symptomatic AIDS is not a distinct phase; AIDS itself is symptomatic. The standard progression includes exposure, infection, seroconversion, and AIDS, so “symptomatic AIDS” is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Window phase is part of seroconversion, not separate, and acute phase is early infection. The sequence—exposure, infection, seroconversion, AIDS—is clearer, so this is incorrect.
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